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uh welcome to the nasa and department of

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energy google plus hangout on find your

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stem role model i'm katie gallagher and

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we're very happy to have you all join us

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and like to give a special shout out to

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andrew jackson uh middle school in

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titusville florida and a thank you to

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mrs jones for allowing you guys to

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participate

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um we have a lot of really interesting

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women joining us today

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uh we have dr jill foos dr dot harris dr

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rebecca kaiser and dr shannon walker so

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i'm going to ask each of these ladies to

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introduce themselves to you and i'd like

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to start with

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dr dot harris could you please provide

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an introduction and a little bit of

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background on yourself

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hello everyone my name's don harris i'm

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here

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dc today i work with the department of

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energy i'm the director hey i think we

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looks like we're having a little bit of

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difficulty with energy here so

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should we move on to our next guest

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okay so um we're gonna try and get dot

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back on the system in the meantime uh dr

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rebecca kaiser who's here with me at

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nasa headquarters is going to introduce

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yourself hi everyone uh and thank you

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katie it's really a pleasure to be here

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i am at nasa i've been here for 15 years

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my title is one of the longest on record

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at nasa it's associate deputy

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administrator for strategy and policy

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and don't worry

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kids on the line we won't get tested on

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that after

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but i'm also the white house council on

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women and girls representative for nasa

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and so i do a lot with girls and women

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in science and technology engineering

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and math and it's wonderful to be here

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today

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thanks rebecca

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all right

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dr jill foose can you introduce yourself

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hi everyone can you hear me

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great

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good good

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so i'm a research scientist here at

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lawrence berkeley national laboratory

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and i work on uh the

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effect of the environment on human

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health

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i study the molecular machines that

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repair sunlight damage to your dna and

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all right if we can have astronaut

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shannon walker you can give us an

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introduction

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hello everyone i'm shannon walker i work

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at the johnson space center in houston

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i've actually worked at the johnson

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space center for

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a really long time about 27 years but

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i've been an astronaut for the last 10

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years and i'm really excited to talk

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wonderful and then

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good afternoon everyone can you hear me

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now

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yes

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all right well listen i'm here in dc and

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it's beautiful and sunny today i'm with

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the department of energy my position

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here i'm the director of the office of

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economic impact and diversity i have

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been here almost two years i had the

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pleasure of being nominated by our

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president and um to this role

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i'm actually an electrical engineer by

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degree i've worked in the private sector

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and industry for about 30 some years so

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i'm here now helping what do support

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girls in stem

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students and stem across the country

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supporting uh minority businesses as

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well as supporting

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all of the communities that which many

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of you live in across this country i'm

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very

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passionate about stem education and

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helping develop the stem workforce in

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this country

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okay that's it wonderful thank you all

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very much for these introductions uh so

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we're gonna go ahead and take our first

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question from andrew jackson middle

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um

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do you guys have anything

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how much do you think how much do you

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the next one anybody else sounds like we

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caught them off guard okay hold on a

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second here we're gonna go ahead and

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have a discussion about stem and stem

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careers here if everybody'd like to talk

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a little bit about how you got into the

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jobs and roles that you all are in now

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and what's exciting about having a stem

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career

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hi everybody so i i got into biology

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when i was in college i actually

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i didn't really like science when i was

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in high school surprisingly when i went

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to college i i wanted to go into

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business

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but i took a geology class when i was in

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college and i i really liked it and then

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i had

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the opportunity to go work in a lab one

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summer and i went and worked at the

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national institutes of health and it was

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a life-changing experience for me i

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loved working in the lab it was it was

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great what could i say it i still love

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working in the lab and so

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i went back to college and i continued

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my environmental studies our

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environmental science major and learned

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about rocks and the environment

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but i decided that i wanted to go into

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study how the environment affects human

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health and that's what i've been working

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on ever since

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i went to

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college at

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wesleyan university in connecticut and

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then i came

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out to california and did my

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phd at the university of california

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berkeley

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and i studied

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dna repair and replication when i was

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there and then i came up to lawrence

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berkeley national lab to do my postdoc

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and i went from a cell biology and

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enzymology background

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during my phd to a structural biology

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lab up here at berkeley lab and we

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actually try to figure out what

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molecules look like it's really exciting

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it's it's like going into a molecular

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world

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and and

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you know i i love doing what i do it's

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really exciting to to figure out how

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these molecular machines work

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so that's that's what i

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that's how i got here that's what i find

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okay uh we're back here at nasa

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headquarters um

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and i guess uh i'm just gonna catch up

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here a little bit so was that uh

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dr foose dr harris or dr walker i just

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heard

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that was me dr foose

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okay cool

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um

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so i'd like to give rebecca the chance

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to answer that question here which is uh

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how did you get into

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your career here

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so i probably have a different story

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from uh many of our other wonderful

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participants on the on the hangout today

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my background is international relations

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and i have a phd in international

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relations and i studied about japan

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and as i was doing my studies i received

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a fellowship

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and middle school students please look

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into this because it's great it's called

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the national security education program

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fellowship

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and it provided me with funding to do my

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studies in japan for my phd research

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in exchange for the funding um i

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did a year of service to the government

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and

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when i was looking around i was looking

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at your traditional international

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relations types of organizations like

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state department

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and

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department of defense

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nasa happened to be looking for

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international relations folks at that

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time because the international space

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station program was really ramping up

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and so they called me they interviewed

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me and i came to work for nasa in

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international relations

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i started doing the japan desk and then

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i moved into various policy positions

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for nasa

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that brought me to my position today so

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one of my main messages is there are a

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lot of different routes to come to work

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for a science and technology agency and

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a field uh even if you do policy if you

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do international relations any of those

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things pursue your passion

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excellent

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all right um

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correct me if i'm wrong ladies as i get

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caught up here uh

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i assume i assume we have now all

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answered that question um

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and if not let me know

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i haven't answered and i'd be happy to

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this is

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and uh the astronaut and so i started

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out i was born and raised in houston and

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houston is the home of the human space

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flight program and so i was always

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intrigued about what we were doing in

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space and i just thought it would be a

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fantastic thing to pursue

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i also really liked science growing up

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and so when i got older in high school

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and in college i decided i wanted to

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learn more about science and so

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eventually i ended up studying physics

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when i graduated from college i really

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wanted to be part of nasa and

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particularly the human space flight

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program and so i applied for and was

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very fortunate to be hired on to work in

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the control center here and so i spent

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the early part of my career actually

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working as an engineer even though my

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degree was in physics

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but working on part of the shuttle

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program

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i knew i wanted to keep pursuing being

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an astronaut because that was my

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ultimate goal so eventually i went back

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to school and got more education did

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more physics did space physics and then

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eventually came back to the johnson

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space center and finally finally after

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many many years was selected to be an

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astronaut and so

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as it was just said there's lots of ways

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to get into

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some of these fields that we work in

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there is no one right path and you just

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kind of have to follow your passions and

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keep after what you want to do

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okay and hi this is don harris i i would

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like to tell you about my story

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and i would love to i think i would love

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to frame it around

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sitting in the room i see a lot of girls

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in the room from the

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screenshot

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but i tell you i i was on a field trip

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in high school i was in the 10th grade

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my uh it was a field trip to this random

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river laboratories one of actually the

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department of energy laboratories

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located in aitkin south carolina

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i tell you until that i was planning on

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being an

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english teacher in high school but i

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have taken all of the

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pre-calculus physics and all the

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difficult courses in high school i

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actually skipped my senior year because

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i

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make

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the highest paid uh

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career coming out of college or still

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that of an engineer

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00:12:05,110 --> 00:12:03,440
uh and so when you were you know if

286
00:12:08,310 --> 00:12:05,120
you're interested in the the money

287
00:12:10,470 --> 00:12:08,320
associated with with experience it also

288
00:12:12,790 --> 00:12:10,480
followed so i was a chemist i was

289
00:12:14,790 --> 00:12:12,800
interested in i went to university south

290
00:12:15,750 --> 00:12:14,800
carolina as electrical engineering

291
00:12:18,310 --> 00:12:15,760
student

292
00:12:20,550 --> 00:12:18,320
i did really well in school and i got

293
00:12:23,829 --> 00:12:20,560
out had 13 job offers so i had a little

294
00:12:25,750 --> 00:12:23,839
fun deciding which job i wanted to take

295
00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:25,760
so that was fascinating i had every

296
00:12:29,670 --> 00:12:27,680
offers everywhere from

297
00:12:31,590 --> 00:12:29,680
working with the space shuttle columbia

298
00:12:33,990 --> 00:12:31,600
team with nasa actually was one of those

299
00:12:36,150 --> 00:12:34,000
13 job offers i received but i decided

300
00:12:37,509 --> 00:12:36,160
to work for westinghouse electric where

301
00:12:39,829 --> 00:12:37,519
i could travel around the world i

302
00:12:41,829 --> 00:12:39,839
traveled to 18 different countries uh

303
00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:41,839
working at nuclear power plants as an

304
00:12:46,550 --> 00:12:44,320
electrical engineer i was a specialist

305
00:12:48,310 --> 00:12:46,560
in instrumentation and controls

306
00:12:49,990 --> 00:12:48,320
so when a power plant would go down

307
00:12:51,430 --> 00:12:50,000
around this country you know they lose

308
00:12:53,509 --> 00:12:51,440
quite a bit of bucks like a million

309
00:12:55,190 --> 00:12:53,519
dollars a day when they're down so i was

310
00:12:57,910 --> 00:12:55,200
that specialist that went and started

311
00:13:00,629 --> 00:12:57,920
these power plants up i worked for in

312
00:13:03,350 --> 00:13:00,639
corporate america got promoted through

313
00:13:06,310 --> 00:13:03,360
wealth i became an officer in a company

314
00:13:08,550 --> 00:13:06,320
abb and worked with general electric so

315
00:13:10,949 --> 00:13:08,560
all those kinds of um

316
00:13:12,629 --> 00:13:10,959
companies that support uh the energy

317
00:13:14,870 --> 00:13:12,639
industry so i have been in the energy

318
00:13:17,430 --> 00:13:14,880
industry my entire career

319
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:17,440
so i'm so that was more my interest and

320
00:13:21,190 --> 00:13:19,360
how i got it interested and just like

321
00:13:23,509 --> 00:13:21,200
any of you a field trip could change

322
00:13:25,829 --> 00:13:23,519
your life it could really decide help

323
00:13:27,829 --> 00:13:25,839
you get into the stem field which is a

324
00:13:31,269 --> 00:13:27,839
well needed feel so we need all of you

325
00:13:32,550 --> 00:13:31,279
in that room to be part of this stem

326
00:13:34,790 --> 00:13:32,560
workforce

327
00:13:38,870 --> 00:13:34,800
thank you

328
00:13:41,509 --> 00:13:38,880
so that kind of segues into another good

329
00:13:43,910 --> 00:13:41,519
question you talked about the field trip

330
00:13:46,310 --> 00:13:43,920
that inspired you uh did you have any

331
00:13:48,310 --> 00:13:46,320
personal role models who really you know

332
00:13:50,150 --> 00:13:48,320
helped get you hooked and push you

333
00:13:52,870 --> 00:13:50,160
further in uh

334
00:13:54,550 --> 00:13:52,880
science technology and engineering

335
00:13:56,629 --> 00:13:54,560
well you know nicer

336
00:13:58,870 --> 00:13:56,639
yeah i guess my first role model was

337
00:14:00,310 --> 00:13:58,880
this my chemistry teacher miss crumb

338
00:14:02,949 --> 00:14:00,320
i'll never forget her

339
00:14:05,189 --> 00:14:02,959
he's the one that uh encouraged me after

340
00:14:07,670 --> 00:14:05,199
the field trip to get interested in

341
00:14:10,150 --> 00:14:07,680
engineering and then when i went through

342
00:14:12,710 --> 00:14:10,160
college i had a very um wonderful

343
00:14:15,110 --> 00:14:12,720
professor who kept us engaged and a lot

344
00:14:17,350 --> 00:14:15,120
of girls when we go into engineering we

345
00:14:20,069 --> 00:14:17,360
tend to be discouraged actually to

346
00:14:22,949 --> 00:14:20,079
continue to focus on engineering

347
00:14:24,470 --> 00:14:22,959
so i i was able to stay focused in

348
00:14:26,310 --> 00:14:24,480
school and do well

349
00:14:28,230 --> 00:14:26,320
and when i got out into the industry had

350
00:14:30,470 --> 00:14:28,240
some really good role models a lot of

351
00:14:32,389 --> 00:14:30,480
sponsors a lot of mentors

352
00:14:34,230 --> 00:14:32,399
and all of you even at your age in

353
00:14:36,150 --> 00:14:34,240
middle school go ahead and get a mentor

354
00:14:39,110 --> 00:14:36,160
that mentor could be your teacher

355
00:14:41,430 --> 00:14:39,120
someone out in the in the industry or or

356
00:14:43,590 --> 00:14:41,440
an engineer you may know or any any

357
00:14:45,829 --> 00:14:43,600
professional at your

358
00:14:47,509 --> 00:14:45,839
uncle or aunt whatever it may take but

359
00:14:50,069 --> 00:14:47,519
you get a mentor someone that can help

360
00:14:52,230 --> 00:14:50,079
and support you so that my mentors

361
00:14:57,750 --> 00:14:52,240
throughout my career were very critical

362
00:15:02,389 --> 00:14:59,590
excellent um

363
00:15:04,389 --> 00:15:02,399
dr foose or dr walker do you have

364
00:15:07,910 --> 00:15:04,399
anything to add as far as your uh

365
00:15:13,189 --> 00:15:10,949
well i can answer that i i don't i

366
00:15:14,710 --> 00:15:13,199
haven't had one single role model in my

367
00:15:16,629 --> 00:15:14,720
life um

368
00:15:18,629 --> 00:15:16,639
i've had lots of different role models i

369
00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:18,639
i often think it's a it's a tall order

370
00:15:23,829 --> 00:15:21,360
for a role model to fulfill all

371
00:15:25,030 --> 00:15:23,839
different things um that you admire but

372
00:15:27,750 --> 00:15:25,040
you know there have been people along

373
00:15:30,150 --> 00:15:27,760
the way that i've admired for um you

374
00:15:32,790 --> 00:15:30,160
know their creativity in science or how

375
00:15:34,870 --> 00:15:32,800
they ask questions or you know different

376
00:15:38,150 --> 00:15:34,880
skills that that i think they do really

377
00:15:39,990 --> 00:15:38,160
well and i'd like to emulate

378
00:15:41,829 --> 00:15:40,000
and i would agree that's kind of the way

379
00:15:43,670 --> 00:15:41,839
it is for me as well i i wouldn't say

380
00:15:46,150 --> 00:15:43,680
that there was a particular role model

381
00:15:47,670 --> 00:15:46,160
but i did have a lot of teachers uh when

382
00:15:49,509 --> 00:15:47,680
i was in school that shared their

383
00:15:52,470 --> 00:15:49,519
passions with me and that that meant a

384
00:15:54,470 --> 00:15:52,480
lot to me and then um when i got into

385
00:15:56,310 --> 00:15:54,480
the workforce uh

386
00:15:57,990 --> 00:15:56,320
just like dr foo says there's there's a

387
00:15:59,590 --> 00:15:58,000
lot of people that have different skill

388
00:16:00,550 --> 00:15:59,600
sets and you're like okay i want to i

389
00:16:02,230 --> 00:16:00,560
want to

390
00:16:04,230 --> 00:16:02,240
learn how to be like that person because

391
00:16:05,590 --> 00:16:04,240
i admire what they do there and maybe i

392
00:16:07,590 --> 00:16:05,600
want to pick up a different skill from

393
00:16:09,509 --> 00:16:07,600
somebody else so it really is a huge

394
00:16:11,430 --> 00:16:09,519
combination of people and always looking

395
00:16:13,110 --> 00:16:11,440
at everybody around me and seeing what

396
00:16:14,629 --> 00:16:13,120
people have to offer and then

397
00:16:17,829 --> 00:16:14,639
understanding their passions because

398
00:16:20,150 --> 00:16:17,839
their passions help feed my passions

399
00:16:23,670 --> 00:16:20,160
excellent dr kaiser i think

400
00:16:26,550 --> 00:16:23,680
so uh for me it was really the champions

401
00:16:28,870 --> 00:16:26,560
that i had at nasa and

402
00:16:31,030 --> 00:16:28,880
i'm a firm believer in champions

403
00:16:33,670 --> 00:16:31,040
both male and female champions and what

404
00:16:37,110 --> 00:16:33,680
i mean by that is that's those are the

405
00:16:37,990 --> 00:16:37,120
people who will take a chance on you

406
00:16:40,870 --> 00:16:38,000
they'll

407
00:16:42,629 --> 00:16:40,880
offer you up say put rebecca on that

408
00:16:45,030 --> 00:16:42,639
team even though she's only been here

409
00:16:46,949 --> 00:16:45,040
for a year because she can do it and i

410
00:16:49,189 --> 00:16:46,959
want to give her a chance

411
00:16:51,670 --> 00:16:49,199
so i had i was very fortunate here at

412
00:16:54,550 --> 00:16:51,680
nasa to have many champions

413
00:16:56,870 --> 00:16:54,560
my first boss angela diaz who hired me

414
00:17:00,389 --> 00:16:56,880
she took a chance on me to hire me here

415
00:17:02,389 --> 00:17:00,399
at nasa i did not have a space or an

416
00:17:04,150 --> 00:17:02,399
engineering or science background but i

417
00:17:06,870 --> 00:17:04,160
knew international relations i knew

418
00:17:08,549 --> 00:17:06,880
policy and i had a love of space so she

419
00:17:10,390 --> 00:17:08,559
took took a chance on me to bring me

420
00:17:16,470 --> 00:17:10,400
here

421
00:17:19,350 --> 00:17:16,480
the administrator suite

422
00:17:20,470 --> 00:17:19,360
two female deputy administrators shannon

423
00:17:22,789 --> 00:17:20,480
dale

424
00:17:24,710 --> 00:17:22,799
and then lori garver they both took a

425
00:17:25,590 --> 00:17:24,720
chance on me as well

426
00:17:28,470 --> 00:17:25,600
and

427
00:17:30,150 --> 00:17:28,480
when there were times where we had some

428
00:17:33,350 --> 00:17:30,160
quite challenging

429
00:17:36,230 --> 00:17:33,360
issues here at nasa that we had to face

430
00:17:38,230 --> 00:17:36,240
and we needed somebody to come in and

431
00:17:40,950 --> 00:17:38,240
write something really quickly that had

432
00:17:42,710 --> 00:17:40,960
to get out without a lot of review

433
00:17:45,029 --> 00:17:42,720
they said

434
00:17:47,510 --> 00:17:45,039
give rebecca a chance and let her do it

435
00:17:49,990 --> 00:17:47,520
and i appreciate that so much and i want

436
00:17:51,830 --> 00:17:50,000
to pass that on to early career folks

437
00:17:53,830 --> 00:17:51,840
here at nasa i think about that every

438
00:17:57,190 --> 00:17:53,840
day and i try to do that as much as i

439
00:17:59,350 --> 00:17:58,310
that's great

440
00:18:01,909 --> 00:17:59,360
um

441
00:18:03,029 --> 00:18:01,919
so before i ask more questions i know we

442
00:18:05,029 --> 00:18:03,039
have uh

443
00:18:07,270 --> 00:18:05,039
the kids at andrew jackson middle school

444
00:18:09,590 --> 00:18:07,280
online with us and i'd like to know if

445
00:18:12,830 --> 00:18:09,600
you guys have any questions for

446
00:18:16,230 --> 00:18:12,840
our astronauts and scientists and all

447
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:16,240
um i believe is is mrs jones there with

448
00:18:19,430 --> 00:18:18,000
you do you guys have questions

449
00:18:20,470 --> 00:18:19,440
yes yes

450
00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:20,480
okay

451
00:18:26,070 --> 00:18:24,000
my name is cindy hsn and my question is

452
00:18:29,830 --> 00:18:26,080
what is the job outlook 10 years from

453
00:18:35,029 --> 00:18:31,590
do you want to go sure so this is

454
00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:35,039
rebecca and uh here at nasa

455
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:37,840
we have so many different opportunities

456
00:18:41,270 --> 00:18:38,960
coming up

457
00:18:43,510 --> 00:18:41,280
we're embarking on this great plan for

458
00:18:46,230 --> 00:18:43,520
space exploration and for scientific

459
00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:46,240
research and technology development

460
00:18:51,270 --> 00:18:48,000
and we need you

461
00:18:53,590 --> 00:18:51,280
so please do look at focusing on science

462
00:18:55,590 --> 00:18:53,600
and technology engineering and math we

463
00:18:58,950 --> 00:18:55,600
have opportunities that will be coming

464
00:19:01,510 --> 00:18:58,960
up for engineers for researchers for

465
00:19:05,510 --> 00:19:01,520
those on the ground who want to test

466
00:19:07,350 --> 00:19:05,520
rockets who want to help develop robots

467
00:19:09,350 --> 00:19:07,360
and so we're looking at a really

468
00:19:10,630 --> 00:19:09,360
positive outlook

469
00:19:12,950 --> 00:19:10,640
at nasa

470
00:19:15,510 --> 00:19:12,960
in science technology engineering and

471
00:19:17,669 --> 00:19:15,520
math i also want to put a plug out to

472
00:19:19,909 --> 00:19:17,679
all of our industry partners

473
00:19:22,549 --> 00:19:19,919
and our commercial partners we work with

474
00:19:24,950 --> 00:19:22,559
we work with a lot of companies

475
00:19:27,350 --> 00:19:24,960
that are partnering with us to fly the

476
00:19:30,150 --> 00:19:27,360
next generation of rockets both to the

477
00:19:31,830 --> 00:19:30,160
space station and deeper into space and

478
00:19:33,350 --> 00:19:31,840
they're looking for wonderful people in

479
00:19:35,750 --> 00:19:33,360
science and technology engineering and

480
00:19:38,150 --> 00:19:35,760
math as well so it's a wonderful thing

481
00:19:40,230 --> 00:19:38,160
we need more american students to go

482
00:19:42,549 --> 00:19:40,240
into science and technology engineering

483
00:19:44,549 --> 00:19:42,559
and math so it's a really growing and

484
00:19:45,990 --> 00:19:44,559
positive field

485
00:19:49,190 --> 00:19:46,000
thank you

486
00:19:52,310 --> 00:19:50,870
if you guys have a question switch these

487
00:19:54,549 --> 00:19:52,320
real

488
00:19:57,750 --> 00:19:54,559
can i answer that last question yes

489
00:20:00,150 --> 00:19:57,760
please do at berkeley lab so i just like

490
00:20:03,270 --> 00:20:00,160
to say that i think you know we're

491
00:20:05,270 --> 00:20:03,280
entering the age of biology there's so

492
00:20:07,669 --> 00:20:05,280
little that we know about how biological

493
00:20:10,549 --> 00:20:07,679
systems work how

494
00:20:11,830 --> 00:20:10,559
the human body works how microbes work

495
00:20:13,669 --> 00:20:11,840
and how they interact with their

496
00:20:15,830 --> 00:20:13,679
environment

497
00:20:17,990 --> 00:20:15,840
that i think you know the technologies

498
00:20:19,590 --> 00:20:18,000
that we have available to us today and

499
00:20:21,830 --> 00:20:19,600
the technologies that are being

500
00:20:23,590 --> 00:20:21,840
developed are going to allow us to

501
00:20:25,909 --> 00:20:23,600
answer

502
00:20:29,029 --> 00:20:25,919
interesting questions lots of new

503
00:20:31,750 --> 00:20:29,039
questions um and there's there's so much

504
00:20:34,070 --> 00:20:31,760
that we don't know about biology

505
00:20:36,789 --> 00:20:34,080
that 10 years from now there will be

506
00:20:41,830 --> 00:20:36,799
still amazing opportunities for doing

507
00:20:46,630 --> 00:20:44,230
my name is brandon becker and i'm into

508
00:20:50,149 --> 00:20:46,640
space exploration

509
00:20:53,909 --> 00:20:50,159
and i was wondering how

510
00:20:57,990 --> 00:20:55,990
are we going to get to mars well there's

511
00:20:59,029 --> 00:20:58,000
the regular conventional way to get to

512
00:21:01,029 --> 00:20:59,039
mars is

513
00:21:02,630 --> 00:21:01,039
get on a rocket and fly to mars and

514
00:21:04,230 --> 00:21:02,640
build a habitat there and then do your

515
00:21:06,470 --> 00:21:04,240
science while you're on mars the

516
00:21:08,470 --> 00:21:06,480
difficulty with that is with our current

517
00:21:11,110 --> 00:21:08,480
technology it takes a really long time

518
00:21:13,510 --> 00:21:11,120
to get to mars it'd be better to spend

519
00:21:16,310 --> 00:21:13,520
uh time on the surface of mars doing

520
00:21:17,990 --> 00:21:16,320
whatever science you need to do there um

521
00:21:19,350 --> 00:21:18,000
during during a particular mission

522
00:21:21,510 --> 00:21:19,360
rather than spending all your time

523
00:21:23,110 --> 00:21:21,520
coming and going and so what i'm hopeful

524
00:21:24,710 --> 00:21:23,120
is that we'll be able to develop new

525
00:21:26,470 --> 00:21:24,720
technologies have different types of

526
00:21:28,470 --> 00:21:26,480
rockets instead of the conventional

527
00:21:30,470 --> 00:21:28,480
rockets that we have now to get us to

528
00:21:32,789 --> 00:21:30,480
mars a whole bunch quicker so we can

529
00:21:34,390 --> 00:21:32,799
spend more time there um exploring the

530
00:21:39,110 --> 00:21:34,400
surface of mars

531
00:21:40,549 --> 00:21:39,120
maybe we can make a space gas station

532
00:21:42,470 --> 00:21:40,559
we will need a space gas station

533
00:21:44,390 --> 00:21:42,480
absolutely because you know you got to

534
00:21:46,390 --> 00:21:44,400
have fuel for your rockets and your uh

535
00:21:49,430 --> 00:21:46,400
all your equipment and so we need some

536
00:21:51,909 --> 00:21:49,440
kind of gas station or solar power or

537
00:21:54,630 --> 00:21:51,919
something to give us the energy to need

538
00:21:57,430 --> 00:21:54,640
to to run our machines absolutely like

539
00:22:00,149 --> 00:21:57,440
instead of making two trip instead of

540
00:22:02,549 --> 00:22:00,159
making one trip maybe we can jump to the

541
00:22:04,070 --> 00:22:02,559
moon and then go to mars

542
00:22:05,510 --> 00:22:04,080
yep you bet and there's all kinds of

543
00:22:07,510 --> 00:22:05,520
ways to get there there's all kinds of

544
00:22:09,270 --> 00:22:07,520
ways to position equipment between here

545
00:22:11,750 --> 00:22:09,280
and there there's all kinds of ways say

546
00:22:13,510 --> 00:22:11,760
do we take one big rocket do we take 16

547
00:22:15,110 --> 00:22:13,520
small rockets how do we do it and that's

548
00:22:17,029 --> 00:22:15,120
part of the puzzle that we're trying to

549
00:22:18,630 --> 00:22:17,039
figure out what's the best way to get to

550
00:22:22,070 --> 00:22:18,640
mars and how do we make the most of it

551
00:22:27,830 --> 00:22:24,710
okay hi i'm christina

552
00:22:29,909 --> 00:22:27,840
um what type of project does

553
00:22:35,190 --> 00:22:29,919
each of

554
00:22:39,270 --> 00:22:37,110
um

555
00:22:41,750 --> 00:22:39,280
it might be for dr fuss to answer yeah i

556
00:22:42,630 --> 00:22:41,760
think dr foose if you could start

557
00:22:46,390 --> 00:22:42,640
sure

558
00:22:48,870 --> 00:22:46,400
so what i study is is how our cells

559
00:22:50,950 --> 00:22:48,880
repair damage to their dna so when you

560
00:22:53,510 --> 00:22:50,960
go out in the sunlight

561
00:22:55,750 --> 00:22:53,520
that sun is actually damaging your dna

562
00:22:58,470 --> 00:22:55,760
and you have all these proteins and

563
00:23:00,870 --> 00:22:58,480
enzymes in your body that

564
00:23:03,510 --> 00:23:00,880
cells that go in and they're little

565
00:23:05,350 --> 00:23:03,520
machines that fix that damage

566
00:23:08,630 --> 00:23:05,360
and it's a really important system

567
00:23:10,390 --> 00:23:08,640
because if you that system isn't working

568
00:23:13,110 --> 00:23:10,400
and there are people

569
00:23:15,350 --> 00:23:13,120
that have mutations in the proteins that

570
00:23:17,909 --> 00:23:15,360
do that work

571
00:23:18,950 --> 00:23:17,919
they get a very high incidence of skin

572
00:23:21,590 --> 00:23:18,960
cancer

573
00:23:25,350 --> 00:23:21,600
so it's really important to understand

574
00:23:27,510 --> 00:23:25,360
how those those systems work

575
00:23:30,230 --> 00:23:27,520
and what i do is i try to figure out

576
00:23:33,110 --> 00:23:30,240
what those little molecular machines

577
00:23:35,430 --> 00:23:33,120
look like how they work how they

578
00:23:36,870 --> 00:23:35,440
sit on the dna

579
00:23:38,870 --> 00:23:36,880
and

580
00:23:41,750 --> 00:23:38,880
one of the proteins that i work on

581
00:23:44,070 --> 00:23:41,760
actually has iron in it

582
00:23:47,029 --> 00:23:44,080
lots of proteins use metals

583
00:23:48,310 --> 00:23:47,039
to do the work that they do or to

584
00:23:52,230 --> 00:23:48,320
organize

585
00:23:55,110 --> 00:23:52,240
their structure and actually behind me

586
00:23:58,470 --> 00:23:55,120
there's this crazy piece of equipment

587
00:24:02,390 --> 00:23:58,480
um that uh is an anaerobic glove box and

588
00:24:04,710 --> 00:24:02,400
so it's there's no oxygen in that box

589
00:24:07,590 --> 00:24:04,720
and that helps us prepare the proteins

590
00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:07,600
that have iron in them because iron is

591
00:24:12,310 --> 00:24:09,760
oxygen sensitive so if you have iron

592
00:24:14,549 --> 00:24:12,320
that's sitting outside it it oxidizes

593
00:24:18,070 --> 00:24:14,559
well the same thing happens to that iron

594
00:24:20,870 --> 00:24:18,080
in the proteins in your cells and so we

595
00:24:22,710 --> 00:24:20,880
have special equipment to allow us to to

596
00:24:24,470 --> 00:24:22,720
look at these proteins and and to

597
00:24:27,029 --> 00:24:24,480
prepare them

598
00:24:29,750 --> 00:24:27,039
and we're able to see what they look

599
00:24:31,669 --> 00:24:29,760
like using this amazing user user

600
00:24:33,510 --> 00:24:31,679
facility here at berkeley lab called the

601
00:24:36,470 --> 00:24:33,520
advanced light source

602
00:24:39,190 --> 00:24:36,480
um so that is that spins electrons

603
00:24:41,110 --> 00:24:39,200
around in a circle really really fast

604
00:24:44,390 --> 00:24:41,120
and then we bend them with magnets and

605
00:24:46,789 --> 00:24:44,400
we're able to send uh x-rays out to uh

606
00:24:48,630 --> 00:24:46,799
protein samples and when those x-rays

607
00:24:50,710 --> 00:24:48,640
hit the protein samples they they

608
00:24:52,789 --> 00:24:50,720
scatter that light

609
00:24:54,950 --> 00:24:52,799
and we're able to figure out what

610
00:24:57,590 --> 00:24:54,960
proteins look like using that pattern

611
00:25:00,470 --> 00:24:57,600
and a lot of math

612
00:25:01,909 --> 00:25:00,480
but we have computers to do the math and

613
00:25:04,549 --> 00:25:01,919
so we're able to see what the proteins

614
00:25:07,029 --> 00:25:04,559
look like and figure out what they do

615
00:25:13,269 --> 00:25:07,039
okay i have a second question

616
00:25:16,549 --> 00:25:15,110
uh who wants to speak on who is an

617
00:25:18,390 --> 00:25:16,559
engineer um

618
00:25:19,269 --> 00:25:18,400
i would love to answer that question all

619
00:25:22,149 --> 00:25:19,279
right

620
00:25:24,549 --> 00:25:22,159
go for it um i'm actually an electrical

621
00:25:26,070 --> 00:25:24,559
engineer and an engineer a little

622
00:25:28,630 --> 00:25:26,080
different than the scientists you know

623
00:25:30,950 --> 00:25:28,640
with the research and and theory but us

624
00:25:32,870 --> 00:25:30,960
engineers are practical kind of boys and

625
00:25:35,350 --> 00:25:32,880
girls we go out and actually build and

626
00:25:36,310 --> 00:25:35,360
design things that actually that you

627
00:25:38,789 --> 00:25:36,320
actually

628
00:25:39,909 --> 00:25:38,799
ride as in a car as a mechanical

629
00:25:41,110 --> 00:25:39,919
engineer

630
00:25:42,950 --> 00:25:41,120
or a

631
00:25:45,029 --> 00:25:42,960
chemical engineer that actually helped

632
00:25:45,830 --> 00:25:45,039
develop some new

633
00:25:48,549 --> 00:25:45,840
new

634
00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:48,559
chemical that actually you can use in in

635
00:25:52,630 --> 00:25:50,960
your everyday life so engineers are more

636
00:25:55,190 --> 00:25:52,640
practical

637
00:25:57,350 --> 00:25:55,200
folks that actually take the technology

638
00:26:00,549 --> 00:25:57,360
and the research that has been developed

639
00:26:02,149 --> 00:26:00,559
and apply it we have applied scientists

640
00:26:04,549 --> 00:26:02,159
engineering is more of an applied

641
00:26:08,230 --> 00:26:04,559
science so we take science and apply it

642
00:26:12,710 --> 00:26:10,310
we always talk here at nasa how we need

643
00:26:15,590 --> 00:26:12,720
both engineers and scientists because

644
00:26:17,269 --> 00:26:15,600
they work together scientists ask lots

645
00:26:20,470 --> 00:26:17,279
and lots of questions and try to do

646
00:26:22,789 --> 00:26:20,480
research to uh to ask even more

647
00:26:24,230 --> 00:26:22,799
questions and then the engineers are at

648
00:26:25,669 --> 00:26:24,240
the other end of the spectrum where

649
00:26:27,110 --> 00:26:25,679
they're trying to solve the problems

650
00:26:29,269 --> 00:26:27,120
that many of the

651
00:26:30,470 --> 00:26:29,279
many of the scientists are raising

652
00:26:31,909 --> 00:26:30,480
okay

653
00:26:34,710 --> 00:26:31,919
um

654
00:26:36,390 --> 00:26:34,720
i'm going to go students they're

655
00:26:37,830 --> 00:26:36,400
the andrew jackson students i'm going to

656
00:26:40,070 --> 00:26:37,840
come back to you in a little bit we have

657
00:26:41,669 --> 00:26:40,080
a couple questions from some other folks

658
00:26:42,789 --> 00:26:41,679
online i believe these came in over

659
00:26:45,430 --> 00:26:42,799
twitter

660
00:26:47,590 --> 00:26:45,440
uh jessica kennedy asked did you face

661
00:26:49,909 --> 00:26:47,600
any challenges unique to female students

662
00:26:51,430 --> 00:26:49,919
in pursuing your stem careers

663
00:26:53,350 --> 00:26:51,440
um

664
00:26:54,630 --> 00:26:53,360
rebecca i see you nodding do you want to

665
00:26:57,430 --> 00:26:54,640
go first

666
00:27:00,390 --> 00:26:57,440
well i was in uh international relations

667
00:27:02,710 --> 00:27:00,400
of course uh but i'll convey a story

668
00:27:04,630 --> 00:27:02,720
that that's laughable and shannon

669
00:27:07,510 --> 00:27:04,640
probably has some more on the ground

670
00:27:08,789 --> 00:27:07,520
kind of experience to share as well

671
00:27:11,590 --> 00:27:08,799
but

672
00:27:15,590 --> 00:27:11,600
just recently even here at nasa

673
00:27:17,350 --> 00:27:15,600
i gave a talk on women in stem

674
00:27:20,149 --> 00:27:17,360
and

675
00:27:22,070 --> 00:27:20,159
a gentleman who's an engineer he happens

676
00:27:24,390 --> 00:27:22,080
to be an engineer

677
00:27:25,830 --> 00:27:24,400
and he came up to me afterwards and said

678
00:27:27,990 --> 00:27:25,840
rebecca

679
00:27:30,070 --> 00:27:28,000
maybe you just have to face the fact

680
00:27:31,669 --> 00:27:30,080
that men's brains and women's brains are

681
00:27:34,230 --> 00:27:31,679
just different

682
00:27:36,310 --> 00:27:34,240
and it's just that women might not have

683
00:27:38,390 --> 00:27:36,320
the brain capacity to go into science

684
00:27:39,830 --> 00:27:38,400
and engineering

685
00:27:42,470 --> 00:27:39,840
so um

686
00:27:44,070 --> 00:27:42,480
my response to him was that that was

687
00:27:46,390 --> 00:27:44,080
very interesting

688
00:27:49,029 --> 00:27:46,400
because if you look at many of the

689
00:27:50,950 --> 00:27:49,039
accomplished scientists and engineers in

690
00:27:52,789 --> 00:27:50,960
the united states and around the world

691
00:27:55,110 --> 00:27:52,799
they're both male and female so it

692
00:27:56,870 --> 00:27:55,120
doesn't seem to make sense to me

693
00:27:58,389 --> 00:27:56,880
and you look at many countries around

694
00:28:02,149 --> 00:27:58,399
the world and they're actually more

695
00:28:04,789 --> 00:28:02,159
women going into science fields than men

696
00:28:06,789 --> 00:28:04,799
so it was really puzzling the way i take

697
00:28:09,110 --> 00:28:06,799
those kinds of comments

698
00:28:11,190 --> 00:28:09,120
is as a learning experience

699
00:28:14,389 --> 00:28:11,200
that we still have a lot more

700
00:28:16,549 --> 00:28:14,399
communication and education to do in

701
00:28:19,750 --> 00:28:16,559
this country and elsewhere

702
00:28:21,750 --> 00:28:19,760
to make everyone understand that science

703
00:28:23,909 --> 00:28:21,760
and technology and engineering and math

704
00:28:26,789 --> 00:28:23,919
are not male or female

705
00:28:29,269 --> 00:28:26,799
they are wonderful exploratory subjects

706
00:28:32,389 --> 00:28:29,279
that anyone can do and the secret is

707
00:28:34,710 --> 00:28:32,399
just being passionate about it and again

708
00:28:37,430 --> 00:28:34,720
getting champions and role models so

709
00:28:39,269 --> 00:28:37,440
that you can follow and understand what

710
00:28:41,669 --> 00:28:39,279
others do in this field it's it's a

711
00:28:43,909 --> 00:28:41,679
wonderful thing to do

712
00:28:45,830 --> 00:28:43,919
and i love the jumping on this one since

713
00:28:47,350 --> 00:28:45,840
i've virtually lived my whole life with

714
00:28:48,950 --> 00:28:47,360
this issue

715
00:28:50,630 --> 00:28:48,960
uh being uh

716
00:28:52,070 --> 00:28:50,640
you know coming out as and i worked in a

717
00:28:53,590 --> 00:28:52,080
nuclear industry so there were only a

718
00:28:56,070 --> 00:28:53,600
handful of women out there in the

719
00:28:57,430 --> 00:28:56,080
nuclear industry uh so not only did we

720
00:28:58,789 --> 00:28:57,440
have to deal with

721
00:29:01,029 --> 00:28:58,799
whether we're

722
00:29:02,710 --> 00:29:01,039
we're technically capable but just being

723
00:29:05,590 --> 00:29:02,720
an environment with not a lot of lots of

724
00:29:08,310 --> 00:29:05,600
women and some of the stats only 24 of

725
00:29:11,430 --> 00:29:08,320
the stem workforce is actually female

726
00:29:13,430 --> 00:29:11,440
whereas over 51 of the workforce overall

727
00:29:15,269 --> 00:29:13,440
is that of a female so we need more

728
00:29:17,269 --> 00:29:15,279
females in the stem

729
00:29:20,070 --> 00:29:17,279
science technology engineering and math

730
00:29:22,310 --> 00:29:20,080
field um we all we have those we run

731
00:29:24,389 --> 00:29:22,320
across those obstacles not even after we

732
00:29:27,269 --> 00:29:24,399
get in in the industry but even going

733
00:29:29,350 --> 00:29:27,279
through college and as young women in

734
00:29:30,789 --> 00:29:29,360
college when you in stem careers you

735
00:29:32,870 --> 00:29:30,799
tend not to be

736
00:29:34,549 --> 00:29:32,880
uh supported as much as we should when

737
00:29:37,110 --> 00:29:34,559
we're even with the professors just

738
00:29:39,269 --> 00:29:37,120
discouraging us to continue in in the

739
00:29:41,990 --> 00:29:39,279
science field so it's something that we

740
00:29:44,389 --> 00:29:42,000
really uh continue to unfortunately in

741
00:29:47,510 --> 00:29:44,399
2014 having some of the same obstacles i

742
00:29:49,830 --> 00:29:47,520
i dealt with 30 some years ago

743
00:29:50,710 --> 00:29:49,840
the number of women in stem we need

744
00:29:52,310 --> 00:29:50,720
women

745
00:29:54,230 --> 00:29:52,320
all across this country all across this

746
00:29:57,029 --> 00:29:54,240
globe to keep us just competitive in

747
00:29:58,870 --> 00:29:57,039
this country and technology will rule

748
00:30:01,110 --> 00:29:58,880
the world going forward i say that every

749
00:30:03,510 --> 00:30:01,120
day so it's important that we need

750
00:30:05,190 --> 00:30:03,520
everyone women minorities all groups

751
00:30:07,590 --> 00:30:05,200
across this globe all the groups across

752
00:30:10,789 --> 00:30:07,600
this country in order to make the impact

753
00:30:11,830 --> 00:30:10,799
that we need in stem

754
00:30:16,630 --> 00:30:11,840
and

755
00:30:18,070 --> 00:30:16,640
well this is uh jill over at brickley

756
00:30:18,870 --> 00:30:18,080
lab so

757
00:30:19,669 --> 00:30:18,880
um

758
00:30:21,669 --> 00:30:19,679
my

759
00:30:24,630 --> 00:30:21,679
i had a really early experience where i

760
00:30:26,549 --> 00:30:24,640
was taking organic chemistry and the we

761
00:30:29,510 --> 00:30:26,559
were getting our exams back and the

762
00:30:30,630 --> 00:30:29,520
professor was handing out exams

763
00:30:33,269 --> 00:30:30,640
and

764
00:30:35,669 --> 00:30:33,279
you know recognized a male student who

765
00:30:37,350 --> 00:30:35,679
had gotten 100 on the exam and it seemed

766
00:30:39,990 --> 00:30:37,360
like he went on for five minutes about

767
00:30:41,909 --> 00:30:40,000
how wonderful this this student was

768
00:30:44,950 --> 00:30:41,919
and then we got our exams back and i got

769
00:30:46,710 --> 00:30:44,960
my back and i had 100 too and i i

770
00:30:47,590 --> 00:30:46,720
thought why didn't he say anything about

771
00:30:51,510 --> 00:30:47,600
me

772
00:30:54,470 --> 00:30:51,520
realized that

773
00:30:57,029 --> 00:30:54,480
i just might not get the recognition um

774
00:30:58,950 --> 00:30:57,039
that other people might get and so i

775
00:31:01,909 --> 00:30:58,960
decided you know that i would just i

776
00:31:04,950 --> 00:31:01,919
would forge ahead um i'm pretty stubborn

777
00:31:07,669 --> 00:31:04,960
i'd start served me pretty well and so i

778
00:31:10,310 --> 00:31:07,679
you know i i just forage on and uh and

779
00:31:13,269 --> 00:31:10,320
do what i love to do um and and that's

780
00:31:15,029 --> 00:31:13,279
doing research in the lab

781
00:31:16,789 --> 00:31:15,039
and this is shannon at the johnson space

782
00:31:19,669 --> 00:31:16,799
center and i would agree a lot with jill

783
00:31:21,750 --> 00:31:19,679
and and um sometimes you have you

784
00:31:22,549 --> 00:31:21,760
encounter people that say silly things

785
00:31:24,149 --> 00:31:22,559
like

786
00:31:26,389 --> 00:31:24,159
women can't you know they don't have the

787
00:31:28,230 --> 00:31:26,399
brains for it and or just just say

788
00:31:29,750 --> 00:31:28,240
inappropriate things and i i just forge

789
00:31:31,190 --> 00:31:29,760
ahead i tend to ignore people that

790
00:31:33,750 --> 00:31:31,200
they're clearly

791
00:31:36,470 --> 00:31:33,760
um well in most cases like this just

792
00:31:38,230 --> 00:31:36,480
talking nonsense and tend to follow my

793
00:31:39,669 --> 00:31:38,240
passions because i know if i'm doing

794
00:31:41,350 --> 00:31:39,679
something that i'm interested in i'm

795
00:31:44,549 --> 00:31:41,360
going to be good at it and then i will

796
00:31:47,029 --> 00:31:44,559
just prove them wrong by my actions and

797
00:31:49,110 --> 00:31:47,039
so i don't tend to engage in in

798
00:31:51,830 --> 00:31:49,120
discussions with them or argue with

799
00:31:54,549 --> 00:31:51,840
people that that say um

800
00:31:57,430 --> 00:31:54,559
say things that are denigrating to women

801
00:31:59,430 --> 00:31:57,440
i just go ahead about my day and and

802
00:32:01,190 --> 00:31:59,440
prove them wrong through my actions

803
00:32:02,789 --> 00:32:01,200
well let me just give you guys a stat

804
00:32:05,269 --> 00:32:02,799
the next time you get someone to tell

805
00:32:07,269 --> 00:32:05,279
you that it has been scientifically

806
00:32:10,230 --> 00:32:07,279
proven that a woman's iq is actually

807
00:32:11,909 --> 00:32:10,240
five points higher than a man

808
00:32:14,230 --> 00:32:11,919
so you can throw that out next time you

809
00:32:17,190 --> 00:32:14,240
get that

810
00:32:18,389 --> 00:32:17,200
i'll remember to tell my brothers that

811
00:32:21,350 --> 00:32:18,399
um

812
00:32:24,310 --> 00:32:21,360
and so you you ladies all touched on uh

813
00:32:26,950 --> 00:32:24,320
times in your uh career where you'd been

814
00:32:28,710 --> 00:32:26,960
discouraged uh based on the fact that

815
00:32:31,430 --> 00:32:28,720
you're a woman uh so this kind of

816
00:32:33,190 --> 00:32:31,440
relates to a question from mark loundy

817
00:32:35,750 --> 00:32:33,200
online i think i've got this right um

818
00:32:38,789 --> 00:32:35,760
and he asks are there special challenges

819
00:32:40,870 --> 00:32:38,799
to inspiring girls as opposed to boys to

820
00:32:42,870 --> 00:32:40,880
work in science techno technology

821
00:32:45,350 --> 00:32:42,880
engineering and mathematics

822
00:32:46,789 --> 00:32:45,360
and dr kaiser sure

823
00:32:53,590 --> 00:32:46,799
so

824
00:32:55,110 --> 00:32:53,600
true that stem is not a male or a female

825
00:32:57,750 --> 00:32:55,120
field

826
00:33:00,149 --> 00:32:57,760
we have a culture however that doesn't

827
00:33:02,710 --> 00:33:00,159
show a lot of women in science and

828
00:33:03,830 --> 00:33:02,720
technology in engineering if you turn on

829
00:33:05,750 --> 00:33:03,840
tv

830
00:33:08,070 --> 00:33:05,760
uh i know here at nasa we were so

831
00:33:10,389 --> 00:33:08,080
excited that there was a great female

832
00:33:13,029 --> 00:33:10,399
character on big bang theory right

833
00:33:15,190 --> 00:33:13,039
because it shows a female right who's

834
00:33:18,549 --> 00:33:15,200
who's in this field

835
00:33:20,630 --> 00:33:18,559
so we need to encourage more girls to go

836
00:33:21,830 --> 00:33:20,640
into it even though we have a culture

837
00:33:25,590 --> 00:33:21,840
that might

838
00:33:28,710 --> 00:33:25,600
say these things aren't cool

839
00:33:30,310 --> 00:33:28,720
and we also have an added barrier

840
00:33:33,750 --> 00:33:30,320
that

841
00:33:36,389 --> 00:33:33,760
right now because as dot said we have

842
00:33:38,389 --> 00:33:36,399
very fewer women who are in science and

843
00:33:40,389 --> 00:33:38,399
technology in the workforce

844
00:33:41,750 --> 00:33:40,399
that means that we have fewer women who

845
00:33:43,430 --> 00:33:41,760
are studying these things at the

846
00:33:44,470 --> 00:33:43,440
university level

847
00:33:46,789 --> 00:33:44,480
and so

848
00:33:48,310 --> 00:33:46,799
in classes and engineering classes in

849
00:33:50,230 --> 00:33:48,320
particular

850
00:33:51,669 --> 00:33:50,240
a female might be the only female in

851
00:33:54,870 --> 00:33:51,679
that whole class

852
00:33:56,470 --> 00:33:54,880
and that does present certain challenges

853
00:33:58,789 --> 00:33:56,480
so what do we need to do we need to

854
00:34:00,630 --> 00:33:58,799
start early on we need to start at

855
00:34:01,990 --> 00:34:00,640
elementary school and middle school we

856
00:34:04,630 --> 00:34:02,000
have to show that these things are

857
00:34:06,870 --> 00:34:04,640
really cool and they are really fun we

858
00:34:08,389 --> 00:34:06,880
have to get more girls to go into these

859
00:34:10,389 --> 00:34:08,399
things in college

860
00:34:12,790 --> 00:34:10,399
and then encourage them through

861
00:34:16,069 --> 00:34:12,800
mentorship and champions to actually go

862
00:34:20,069 --> 00:34:16,079
into the field afterwards

863
00:34:21,030 --> 00:34:20,079
very good uh dr harris

864
00:34:23,510 --> 00:34:21,040
dot

865
00:34:24,710 --> 00:34:23,520
yes i'm here

866
00:34:25,829 --> 00:34:24,720
um

867
00:34:27,510 --> 00:34:25,839
i'll tell you what that's one of the

868
00:34:29,589 --> 00:34:27,520
things we actually focus on here at the

869
00:34:31,750 --> 00:34:29,599
department uh that's part of the mission

870
00:34:32,710 --> 00:34:31,760
of my office and you know when when it

871
00:34:34,550 --> 00:34:32,720
comes to

872
00:34:36,230 --> 00:34:34,560
encouraging girls in stem they need to

873
00:34:38,230 --> 00:34:36,240
see more of us

874
00:34:41,270 --> 00:34:38,240
and really getting girls interested in

875
00:34:42,950 --> 00:34:41,280
stem really starts back at the k-12 it's

876
00:34:44,790 --> 00:34:42,960
really the sixth grade

877
00:34:46,550 --> 00:34:44,800
is where we focus on getting girls

878
00:34:48,389 --> 00:34:46,560
interested in stem

879
00:34:49,109 --> 00:34:48,399
we were just at one of our laboratories

880
00:34:55,589 --> 00:34:49,119
in

881
00:34:57,510 --> 00:34:55,599
about 200 girls there for a stem

882
00:35:00,310 --> 00:34:57,520
girls with beautiful minds it was an

883
00:35:02,870 --> 00:35:00,320
amazing day we had over 200 girls

884
00:35:05,030 --> 00:35:02,880
building cars and competing in race car

885
00:35:06,790 --> 00:35:05,040
competition

886
00:35:09,349 --> 00:35:06,800
had their lab coats and just getting the

887
00:35:11,109 --> 00:35:09,359
girls interested i've spoken to girls

888
00:35:14,390 --> 00:35:11,119
and all across the country

889
00:35:17,910 --> 00:35:14,400
tennessee it was grits girls raising

890
00:35:20,870 --> 00:35:17,920
tennessee um or research uh was very

891
00:35:23,109 --> 00:35:20,880
interested so i go out and i'll be in

892
00:35:26,230 --> 00:35:23,119
in california in inglewood for example

893
00:35:28,950 --> 00:35:26,240
where unfortunately um 50 of girls and

894
00:35:31,109 --> 00:35:28,960
of african-american and latino

895
00:35:33,270 --> 00:35:31,119
races are 50 are dropping out of high

896
00:35:35,589 --> 00:35:33,280
school so we're really just getting into

897
00:35:38,710 --> 00:35:35,599
these goals and the program i support

898
00:35:39,510 --> 00:35:38,720
here at the office works very closely

899
00:35:41,109 --> 00:35:39,520
with

900
00:35:42,870 --> 00:35:41,119
women and girls across this country

901
00:35:44,630 --> 00:35:42,880
getting them interested in stem and

902
00:35:47,349 --> 00:35:44,640
particularly those that are in rural

903
00:35:49,510 --> 00:35:47,359
areas or in urban areas where we don't

904
00:35:52,310 --> 00:35:49,520
have as much we haven't placed as much

905
00:35:54,150 --> 00:35:52,320
attention so it's very passionate for me

906
00:35:56,790 --> 00:35:54,160
for my office here at the department of

907
00:35:58,550 --> 00:35:56,800
energy to focus on and just getting out

908
00:36:02,550 --> 00:35:58,560
and getting engaged and being role

909
00:36:07,829 --> 00:36:05,990
can i can i jump in please do so

910
00:36:10,390 --> 00:36:07,839
you know i wanted to make two points one

911
00:36:12,310 --> 00:36:10,400
is that you know as a culture

912
00:36:14,150 --> 00:36:12,320
science really has an image problem so i

913
00:36:15,430 --> 00:36:14,160
think when people bring up an image of a

914
00:36:18,630 --> 00:36:15,440
scientist

915
00:36:21,190 --> 00:36:18,640
in a lab it's it's a man and that man is

916
00:36:24,230 --> 00:36:21,200
working alone in the science in the lab

917
00:36:26,710 --> 00:36:24,240
and you know often the word that's most

918
00:36:28,550 --> 00:36:26,720
associated with scientists is mad mad

919
00:36:31,030 --> 00:36:28,560
scientist

920
00:36:32,950 --> 00:36:31,040
when you know in reality

921
00:36:35,829 --> 00:36:32,960
no research is

922
00:36:40,310 --> 00:36:35,839
done alone uh you know

923
00:36:42,150 --> 00:36:40,320
all of our research papers and teams are

924
00:36:44,390 --> 00:36:42,160
multiple people

925
00:36:46,710 --> 00:36:44,400
and the best labs are these diverse

926
00:36:48,470 --> 00:36:46,720
groups of people working on

927
00:36:50,069 --> 00:36:48,480
different questions or working towards a

928
00:36:51,750 --> 00:36:50,079
single goal

929
00:36:54,950 --> 00:36:51,760
and bringing different perspectives to

930
00:36:56,950 --> 00:36:54,960
the research and so i think

931
00:37:00,310 --> 00:36:56,960
you know we really our culture needs to

932
00:37:02,470 --> 00:37:00,320
have uh more positive images of science

933
00:37:03,670 --> 00:37:02,480
scientists and more realistic images of

934
00:37:05,589 --> 00:37:03,680
scientists

935
00:37:07,349 --> 00:37:05,599
and the other thing is that i think

936
00:37:11,109 --> 00:37:07,359
women and

937
00:37:13,430 --> 00:37:11,119
uh underrepresented minorities um ask

938
00:37:15,190 --> 00:37:13,440
different questions in science and i

939
00:37:16,790 --> 00:37:15,200
think a lot of the you know i would like

940
00:37:19,349 --> 00:37:16,800
to see more

941
00:37:22,390 --> 00:37:19,359
uh funding mechanisms where it's more

942
00:37:23,589 --> 00:37:22,400
grassroots or bottom up where people can

943
00:37:26,150 --> 00:37:23,599
ask

944
00:37:29,589 --> 00:37:26,160
the questions that interest them

945
00:37:31,670 --> 00:37:29,599
in basic science and to figure out you

946
00:37:33,430 --> 00:37:31,680
know their passions

947
00:37:36,390 --> 00:37:33,440
a lot of the times

948
00:37:40,150 --> 00:37:36,400
we have we you know answer

949
00:37:41,750 --> 00:37:40,160
calls um where uh for specific projects

950
00:37:42,950 --> 00:37:41,760
to work on and

951
00:37:45,270 --> 00:37:42,960
and i think

952
00:37:50,950 --> 00:37:45,280
women or underrepresented minorities

953
00:37:50,960 --> 00:37:55,190
okay

954
00:37:58,790 --> 00:37:56,790
all right i'd like to give the students

955
00:37:59,910 --> 00:37:58,800
a chance to ask another question i

956
00:38:01,670 --> 00:37:59,920
understand there's more questions there

957
00:38:02,470 --> 00:38:01,680
at the middle school

958
00:38:04,390 --> 00:38:02,480
um

959
00:38:05,910 --> 00:38:04,400
yes we have more questions and we're

960
00:38:08,550 --> 00:38:05,920
actually going to ask our students to

961
00:38:10,950 --> 00:38:08,560
hold them because we are very grateful

962
00:38:13,589 --> 00:38:10,960
and thankful for you allowing us to be a

963
00:38:16,710 --> 00:38:13,599
part of your live chat but our students

964
00:38:18,550 --> 00:38:16,720
are on a bell and a rotation schedule so

965
00:38:21,349 --> 00:38:18,560
our bell is actually getting ready to

966
00:38:23,190 --> 00:38:21,359
ring in looks like four minutes

967
00:38:25,589 --> 00:38:23,200
so we're going to allow them to ask

968
00:38:26,950 --> 00:38:25,599
questions up until that point um and

969
00:38:29,270 --> 00:38:26,960
then you'll see

970
00:38:31,589 --> 00:38:29,280
what middle schools do best get up in

971
00:38:33,510 --> 00:38:31,599
chaos as they exit out but we want to

972
00:38:36,470 --> 00:38:33,520
allow them to ask as many questions as

973
00:38:39,030 --> 00:38:36,480
possible up until our bell rings that's

974
00:38:40,630 --> 00:38:39,040
perfect we'd like that very much and and

975
00:38:42,470 --> 00:38:40,640
in case i don't get to thank you later

976
00:38:43,990 --> 00:38:42,480
thank you very much for joining us we're

977
00:38:46,550 --> 00:38:44,000
very excited to talk to you middle

978
00:38:49,349 --> 00:38:46,560
school students okay so uh

979
00:38:52,550 --> 00:38:49,359
please go ahead with your question

980
00:38:56,230 --> 00:38:52,560
um my name is kaitlyn and my question is

981
00:39:00,310 --> 00:38:59,109
what is a phd

982
00:39:02,150 --> 00:39:00,320
is shannon a phd

983
00:39:04,150 --> 00:39:02,160
is an advanced degree so you go to

984
00:39:06,230 --> 00:39:04,160
college and you did get a degree at a

985
00:39:08,470 --> 00:39:06,240
university and then you go back to

986
00:39:10,630 --> 00:39:08,480
school to graduate school and you get

987
00:39:12,550 --> 00:39:10,640
more degrees and so the next one after

988
00:39:14,230 --> 00:39:12,560
you get your your

989
00:39:16,150 --> 00:39:14,240
degree from university is called a

990
00:39:18,470 --> 00:39:16,160
master's degree it'll be a masters of

991
00:39:20,870 --> 00:39:18,480
science or masters of art and then a phd

992
00:39:24,150 --> 00:39:20,880
is the next level so it just shows

993
00:39:24,160 --> 00:39:33,430
okay thank you

994
00:39:36,950 --> 00:39:35,270
and my question is

995
00:39:38,230 --> 00:39:36,960
what do you have to what do you what

996
00:39:41,670 --> 00:39:38,240
classes do you have to take because of

997
00:39:45,190 --> 00:39:42,870
what classes do you have to take to be

998
00:39:47,030 --> 00:39:45,200
an aerospace engineer well really all

999
00:39:49,270 --> 00:39:47,040
comes down to the basics you need to

1000
00:39:51,510 --> 00:39:49,280
take a bunch of math because engineering

1001
00:39:53,589 --> 00:39:51,520
uses a lot of math and then once you get

1002
00:39:55,270 --> 00:39:53,599
into university you'll start taking

1003
00:39:56,790 --> 00:39:55,280
engineering classes and so you'll take

1004
00:39:58,390 --> 00:39:56,800
all kinds of engineering classes for

1005
00:40:00,150 --> 00:39:58,400
aerospace engineering you'll take

1006
00:40:02,550 --> 00:40:00,160
electrical engineering classes how are

1007
00:40:04,230 --> 00:40:02,560
things wired how do you how do you get

1008
00:40:05,670 --> 00:40:04,240
electricity to flow from one place to

1009
00:40:07,109 --> 00:40:05,680
the next you'll take mechanical

1010
00:40:08,950 --> 00:40:07,119
engineering classes this is the

1011
00:40:11,190 --> 00:40:08,960
structures how do you actually build

1012
00:40:12,310 --> 00:40:11,200
things how do you build an airplane

1013
00:40:14,470 --> 00:40:12,320
and there's all kinds of other

1014
00:40:17,030 --> 00:40:14,480
engineering classes you take so really

1015
00:40:18,230 --> 00:40:17,040
to be an aerospace engineer lots of math

1016
00:40:20,390 --> 00:40:18,240
and then you'll get into engineering

1017
00:40:22,790 --> 00:40:20,400
classes in university

1018
00:40:24,230 --> 00:40:22,800
thanks and can we expand that what do

1019
00:40:25,510 --> 00:40:24,240
they need to take since these are middle

1020
00:40:27,190 --> 00:40:25,520
schoolers when they're going into high

1021
00:40:30,710 --> 00:40:27,200
school what should they be thinking

1022
00:40:33,589 --> 00:40:30,720
about for classes to take at high school

1023
00:40:37,030 --> 00:40:35,510
math and science i mean that's really

1024
00:40:39,109 --> 00:40:37,040
good for everything math science and

1025
00:40:40,790 --> 00:40:39,119
computers know how to program a computer

1026
00:40:42,790 --> 00:40:40,800
and know how to do your your math

1027
00:40:43,990 --> 00:40:42,800
equations and then understand science

1028
00:40:45,750 --> 00:40:44,000
and that that'll get you just about

1029
00:40:46,950 --> 00:40:45,760
anywhere you want to go whatever field

1030
00:40:49,510 --> 00:40:46,960
you want to go in

1031
00:40:54,310 --> 00:40:49,520
well that's chemistry and geometry and

1032
00:40:54,320 --> 00:40:57,349
thank you

1033
00:41:01,670 --> 00:40:59,270
we have another question

1034
00:41:07,190 --> 00:41:01,680
because i'm josh and in what ways do you

1035
00:41:11,990 --> 00:41:09,990
well i i i'll say that i use algebra

1036
00:41:14,390 --> 00:41:12,000
absolutely every day in the lab to

1037
00:41:16,069 --> 00:41:14,400
figure out how to make my solutions

1038
00:41:20,870 --> 00:41:16,079
so i use

1039
00:41:31,670 --> 00:41:22,550
thank you thanks for watching guys

1040
00:41:37,109 --> 00:41:34,470
okay i guess we're still on so sure

1041
00:41:39,190 --> 00:41:37,119
do you want so on math um one of the

1042
00:41:40,470 --> 00:41:39,200
wonderful things that i use even in

1043
00:41:43,190 --> 00:41:40,480
policy is

1044
00:41:45,349 --> 00:41:43,200
math is a lot like another language and

1045
00:41:47,510 --> 00:41:45,359
it really teaches you reasoning and

1046
00:41:50,230 --> 00:41:47,520
logic and how to figure things out and

1047
00:41:51,829 --> 00:41:50,240
put things together and i used that kind

1048
00:41:54,230 --> 00:41:51,839
of brain

1049
00:41:56,309 --> 00:41:54,240
activity that i learned in math of how

1050
00:41:58,470 --> 00:41:56,319
to connect things that really might not

1051
00:42:01,030 --> 00:41:58,480
seem to fit together

1052
00:42:02,630 --> 00:42:01,040
but they do and come up with new and

1053
00:42:05,109 --> 00:42:02,640
innovative ideas

1054
00:42:06,950 --> 00:42:05,119
they've actually linked this a lot those

1055
00:42:09,510 --> 00:42:06,960
who are good in math are usually really

1056
00:42:11,990 --> 00:42:09,520
creative people those who study math are

1057
00:42:14,069 --> 00:42:12,000
usually incredibly innovative

1058
00:42:16,710 --> 00:42:14,079
and it's because it teaches you to link

1059
00:42:19,510 --> 00:42:16,720
all these different things that don't

1060
00:42:21,750 --> 00:42:19,520
seem to really fit and make some kind of

1061
00:42:24,870 --> 00:42:21,760
sense out of them so that's what i do

1062
00:42:26,550 --> 00:42:24,880
even in policy i try to communicate out

1063
00:42:29,990 --> 00:42:26,560
very clearly

1064
00:42:33,109 --> 00:42:30,000
that we have a very logical plan and

1065
00:42:34,870 --> 00:42:33,119
sometimes in washington it becomes a

1066
00:42:36,630 --> 00:42:34,880
little bit puzzling of how all the

1067
00:42:38,870 --> 00:42:36,640
different pieces of the government fit

1068
00:42:41,190 --> 00:42:38,880
together and how to communicate things

1069
00:42:42,309 --> 00:42:41,200
in a very clear way to different people

1070
00:42:44,630 --> 00:42:42,319
here

1071
00:42:48,390 --> 00:42:44,640
different messages for for the congress

1072
00:42:51,349 --> 00:42:48,400
and for the public and for other folks

1073
00:42:52,870 --> 00:42:51,359
who follow nasa and so i learned how to

1074
00:42:54,790 --> 00:42:52,880
communicate and put these pieces

1075
00:42:56,309 --> 00:42:54,800
together in a clear coherent way and a

1076
00:42:59,510 --> 00:42:56,319
lot of that training believe it or not

1077
00:43:01,910 --> 00:42:59,520
came from math

1078
00:43:04,550 --> 00:43:01,920
all right very good um i got a note here

1079
00:43:06,470 --> 00:43:04,560
that we have ryan bisson's fourth grade

1080
00:43:07,589 --> 00:43:06,480
class from maple grove minnesota

1081
00:43:09,109 --> 00:43:07,599
listening

1082
00:43:10,550 --> 00:43:09,119
um and so

1083
00:43:13,190 --> 00:43:10,560
since we have fourth graders online i'd

1084
00:43:14,550 --> 00:43:13,200
like to ask our panel if what advice

1085
00:43:16,950 --> 00:43:14,560
they would give to

1086
00:43:18,790 --> 00:43:16,960
these very young students um who are

1087
00:43:20,069 --> 00:43:18,800
maybe thinking about studying math and

1088
00:43:22,309 --> 00:43:20,079
science

1089
00:43:25,030 --> 00:43:22,319
do you guys have any advice for them

1090
00:43:27,030 --> 00:43:25,040
yes we have advice in minnesota i was

1091
00:43:30,710 --> 00:43:27,040
just seeing saint cloud minnesota

1092
00:43:32,790 --> 00:43:30,720
speaking to 1500 students in your state

1093
00:43:35,670 --> 00:43:32,800
matter of fact your governor declared

1094
00:43:37,109 --> 00:43:35,680
that day the official stem day for

1095
00:43:40,870 --> 00:43:37,119
minnesota

1096
00:43:43,190 --> 00:43:40,880
um so i it was it was about 15 degrees

1097
00:43:45,270 --> 00:43:43,200
below but i was still happy

1098
00:43:48,710 --> 00:43:45,280
but for fourth graders

1099
00:43:50,950 --> 00:43:48,720
start with your your basic math classes

1100
00:43:52,710 --> 00:43:50,960
i think they call one two three at that

1101
00:43:54,470 --> 00:43:52,720
age um

1102
00:43:56,950 --> 00:43:54,480
science classes

1103
00:43:58,950 --> 00:43:56,960
and just any any of your classes that

1104
00:44:00,390 --> 00:43:58,960
require you to do um

1105
00:44:02,230 --> 00:44:00,400
building block building things

1106
00:44:04,630 --> 00:44:02,240
mechanical classes i think they have

1107
00:44:06,550 --> 00:44:04,640
around you know then so

1108
00:44:09,109 --> 00:44:06,560
just do anything that just will just

1109
00:44:12,630 --> 00:44:09,119
feed on innovation and creativity in the

1110
00:44:17,829 --> 00:44:15,030
and i'd like to say uh you know do the

1111
00:44:19,910 --> 00:44:17,839
science fair uh i actually got my start

1112
00:44:21,190 --> 00:44:19,920
in science doing science fair projects

1113
00:44:23,430 --> 00:44:21,200
um

1114
00:44:24,870 --> 00:44:23,440
and i i used to think it was just

1115
00:44:28,150 --> 00:44:24,880
something that students do but it's

1116
00:44:30,710 --> 00:44:28,160
actually what we do as as scientists uh

1117
00:44:32,950 --> 00:44:30,720
we present posters at conferences um

1118
00:44:35,109 --> 00:44:32,960
that's just like a science fair people

1119
00:44:37,109 --> 00:44:35,119
come around to our posters and listen to

1120
00:44:37,990 --> 00:44:37,119
what our projects are about

1121
00:44:43,990 --> 00:44:38,000
and

1122
00:44:45,670 --> 00:44:44,000
science fair is a is great practice

1123
00:44:47,589 --> 00:44:45,680
and one other piece of advice something

1124
00:44:49,349 --> 00:44:47,599
that may be a little bit different but i

1125
00:44:52,630 --> 00:44:49,359
think you need to read i mean we're

1126
00:44:54,150 --> 00:44:52,640
talking about sim um education here but

1127
00:44:55,349 --> 00:44:54,160
reading uh

1128
00:44:57,430 --> 00:44:55,359
to coin a phrase they're reading is

1129
00:44:59,750 --> 00:44:57,440
fundamental and and if you can read

1130
00:45:02,550 --> 00:44:59,760
books about how things work how the

1131
00:45:04,309 --> 00:45:02,560
world works um you'll have a better

1132
00:45:06,870 --> 00:45:04,319
understanding of what's going on in your

1133
00:45:08,630 --> 00:45:06,880
science classes and so yes take the

1134
00:45:09,990 --> 00:45:08,640
classes do the science fair projects but

1135
00:45:11,030 --> 00:45:10,000
also go out there and read about the

1136
00:45:13,670 --> 00:45:11,040
world because there are so many

1137
00:45:15,109 --> 00:45:13,680
fascinating things to learn

1138
00:45:17,510 --> 00:45:15,119
i always think i agree with you

1139
00:45:19,109 --> 00:45:17,520
completely shannon and my thoughts are

1140
00:45:21,349 --> 00:45:19,119
exactly the same

1141
00:45:22,950 --> 00:45:21,359
don't think about each subject as a

1142
00:45:25,270 --> 00:45:22,960
separate thing

1143
00:45:27,109 --> 00:45:25,280
that you have to do math and that's very

1144
00:45:29,510 --> 00:45:27,119
separate from what you do when you're

1145
00:45:31,750 --> 00:45:29,520
reading or what you do in social studies

1146
00:45:32,870 --> 00:45:31,760
or history they're all related to each

1147
00:45:34,710 --> 00:45:32,880
other

1148
00:45:36,150 --> 00:45:34,720
so when you're studying social studies

1149
00:45:37,990 --> 00:45:36,160
think about what you've learned in

1150
00:45:39,990 --> 00:45:38,000
science and how it relates to what

1151
00:45:41,910 --> 00:45:40,000
you're learning in social studies and

1152
00:45:44,309 --> 00:45:41,920
when you're reading think about all the

1153
00:45:46,309 --> 00:45:44,319
different things and the stories that

1154
00:45:48,870 --> 00:45:46,319
are being told and how they relate to

1155
00:45:50,470 --> 00:45:48,880
science they're all connected to each

1156
00:45:52,390 --> 00:45:50,480
other and

1157
00:45:56,630 --> 00:45:52,400
when you do that i think it makes a lot

1158
00:46:00,870 --> 00:45:58,230
all right very good

1159
00:46:02,790 --> 00:46:00,880
um i have a question here for dot can

1160
00:46:06,870 --> 00:46:02,800
you tell us about the council on women

1161
00:46:08,710 --> 00:46:06,880
and girls uh stem speakers bureau

1162
00:46:10,870 --> 00:46:08,720
yes absolutely

1163
00:46:12,950 --> 00:46:10,880
uh the um

1164
00:46:14,870 --> 00:46:12,960
the white house has a council the

1165
00:46:17,109 --> 00:46:14,880
president of the united states president

1166
00:46:18,230 --> 00:46:17,119
barack obama has really been focusing on

1167
00:46:19,430 --> 00:46:18,240
stem

1168
00:46:22,069 --> 00:46:19,440
and you guys have heard it when you

1169
00:46:23,430 --> 00:46:22,079
watch tv uh across the country uh

1170
00:46:25,750 --> 00:46:23,440
focusing on

1171
00:46:28,630 --> 00:46:25,760
uh the council on for women and girls in

1172
00:46:30,950 --> 00:46:28,640
stem the speakers borough we've done

1173
00:46:32,150 --> 00:46:30,960
quite a bit across the country in that

1174
00:46:33,510 --> 00:46:32,160
regard

1175
00:46:34,790 --> 00:46:33,520
i'm actually

1176
00:46:36,470 --> 00:46:34,800
as rebecca mentioned she's a

1177
00:46:37,510 --> 00:46:36,480
representative for nasa for the council

1178
00:46:38,870 --> 00:46:37,520
for women and girls i'm the

1179
00:46:39,750 --> 00:46:38,880
representative from the department of

1180
00:46:42,710 --> 00:46:39,760
energy

1181
00:46:44,870 --> 00:46:42,720
for the council for women and girls we

1182
00:46:46,870 --> 00:46:44,880
chose to focus on the stem portion of

1183
00:46:48,150 --> 00:46:46,880
that as part of our speaker's bureau

1184
00:46:49,829 --> 00:46:48,160
activity

1185
00:46:52,710 --> 00:46:49,839
and we've been like i mentioned earlier

1186
00:46:54,950 --> 00:46:52,720
across the country speaking to girls and

1187
00:46:56,950 --> 00:46:54,960
women on on stem we were at john hopkins

1188
00:46:58,630 --> 00:46:56,960
university for example

1189
00:47:01,589 --> 00:46:58,640
as i mentioned in minnesota we were just

1190
00:47:04,309 --> 00:47:01,599
there with an amazing 1500 students high

1191
00:47:06,630 --> 00:47:04,319
school students across minnesota talking

1192
00:47:08,710 --> 00:47:06,640
encouraged them to go into science and

1193
00:47:10,470 --> 00:47:08,720
stem and some of the things we actually

1194
00:47:12,390 --> 00:47:10,480
do here at the department

1195
00:47:15,190 --> 00:47:12,400
in addition to those kinds of programs

1196
00:47:16,790 --> 00:47:15,200
we have a number of internships that we

1197
00:47:18,390 --> 00:47:16,800
get students high school students

1198
00:47:20,950 --> 00:47:18,400
college students here

1199
00:47:22,710 --> 00:47:20,960
and we promote a national science bowl

1200
00:47:24,470 --> 00:47:22,720
that this department has been doing for

1201
00:47:26,309 --> 00:47:24,480
a number of years and we have middle

1202
00:47:28,950 --> 00:47:26,319
school science bowls and high school

1203
00:47:30,069 --> 00:47:28,960
science bowls we just supported the dc

1204
00:47:31,589 --> 00:47:30,079
base

1205
00:47:33,589 --> 00:47:31,599
steins bowl for middle school and high

1206
00:47:34,950 --> 00:47:33,599
school in just the past few weeks so

1207
00:47:37,430 --> 00:47:34,960
getting involved in

1208
00:47:38,950 --> 00:47:37,440
our national science bowl check that out

1209
00:47:41,349 --> 00:47:38,960
and see your schools will also

1210
00:47:43,670 --> 00:47:41,359
participate so just a number of um

1211
00:47:46,069 --> 00:47:43,680
competitions like the solar decathlon

1212
00:47:47,589 --> 00:47:46,079
the national clean energy

1213
00:47:50,470 --> 00:47:47,599
bowls and

1214
00:47:52,630 --> 00:47:50,480
uh wind technology com competition so a

1215
00:47:54,390 --> 00:47:52,640
lot of those kinds of things that you

1216
00:47:56,550 --> 00:47:54,400
could just look all those who are

1217
00:47:57,910 --> 00:47:56,560
viewing just look into your area and see

1218
00:47:59,270 --> 00:47:57,920
some of the things that

1219
00:48:01,910 --> 00:47:59,280
we're doing here with at the department

1220
00:48:06,630 --> 00:48:03,910
all right and i'd actually uh like to

1221
00:48:08,470 --> 00:48:06,640
ask rebecca a similar question

1222
00:48:10,230 --> 00:48:08,480
both about the nasa speakers bureau and

1223
00:48:12,710 --> 00:48:10,240
also can you tell us about what nasa

1224
00:48:15,190 --> 00:48:12,720
offers similar to department of energy

1225
00:48:18,150 --> 00:48:15,200
to engage students sure so we have a

1226
00:48:21,430 --> 00:48:18,160
nasa speakers bureau and it's made up of

1227
00:48:24,230 --> 00:48:21,440
volunteers from across nasa we have

1228
00:48:26,870 --> 00:48:24,240
wonderful scientists engineers

1229
00:48:28,790 --> 00:48:26,880
policy people like me all sorts of

1230
00:48:30,870 --> 00:48:28,800
people from different backgrounds who do

1231
00:48:33,990 --> 00:48:30,880
different jobs here at nasa

1232
00:48:36,150 --> 00:48:34,000
and so for those who are interested in

1233
00:48:38,549 --> 00:48:36,160
having someone from nasa come and speak

1234
00:48:39,990 --> 00:48:38,559
they can contact the speakers bureau

1235
00:48:42,790 --> 00:48:40,000
for a school

1236
00:48:44,549 --> 00:48:42,800
for a public event for a social media

1237
00:48:46,950 --> 00:48:44,559
type of activity like we're doing today

1238
00:48:48,950 --> 00:48:46,960
for the google plus hangout hangout and

1239
00:48:51,589 --> 00:48:48,960
our wonderful communication folks look

1240
00:48:53,990 --> 00:48:51,599
at this database of folks who are part

1241
00:48:55,910 --> 00:48:54,000
of the speakers bureau and they match up

1242
00:48:57,430 --> 00:48:55,920
the appropriate person

1243
00:48:59,910 --> 00:48:57,440
for that event

1244
00:49:02,150 --> 00:48:59,920
so we do and we consider it a big part

1245
00:49:05,510 --> 00:49:02,160
of our mission it's been part of us

1246
00:49:07,990 --> 00:49:05,520
since our formation in 1958 to reach out

1247
00:49:09,990 --> 00:49:08,000
to the public and get information out as

1248
00:49:12,069 --> 00:49:10,000
much as possible and we take that very

1249
00:49:14,150 --> 00:49:12,079
seriously that's what we do through the

1250
00:49:16,309 --> 00:49:14,160
speakers bureau we have many other

1251
00:49:18,309 --> 00:49:16,319
programs that are aimed at students and

1252
00:49:20,230 --> 00:49:18,319
young people as well

1253
00:49:22,309 --> 00:49:20,240
one of them i know will talk about women

1254
00:49:23,750 --> 00:49:22,319
and energy and women at nasa but i do

1255
00:49:25,109 --> 00:49:23,760
encourage you to check out these

1256
00:49:28,390 --> 00:49:25,119
websites

1257
00:49:30,870 --> 00:49:28,400
we have stories of real women who work

1258
00:49:34,549 --> 00:49:30,880
at nasa and work at energy

1259
00:49:36,470 --> 00:49:34,559
and we find that telling stories and

1260
00:49:39,430 --> 00:49:36,480
giving people examples

1261
00:49:41,670 --> 00:49:39,440
of these great different diversity of

1262
00:49:43,270 --> 00:49:41,680
backgrounds that we have here at nasa

1263
00:49:45,829 --> 00:49:43,280
and the different pathways people have

1264
00:49:47,750 --> 00:49:45,839
taken to come work here is really really

1265
00:49:49,910 --> 00:49:47,760
impactful

1266
00:49:52,549 --> 00:49:49,920
we also have a wonderful education

1267
00:49:54,470 --> 00:49:52,559
website and a nasa website check it out

1268
00:49:56,950 --> 00:49:54,480
it's changing all the time we have

1269
00:49:58,790 --> 00:49:56,960
interactive activities you can follow

1270
00:49:59,910 --> 00:49:58,800
missions real time

1271
00:50:05,430 --> 00:49:59,920
and

1272
00:50:07,190 --> 00:50:05,440
events as much as possible through our

1273
00:50:10,069 --> 00:50:07,200
local activities

1274
00:50:12,390 --> 00:50:10,079
we have a presence in every state

1275
00:50:14,309 --> 00:50:12,400
through something called the space grant

1276
00:50:18,069 --> 00:50:14,319
and those uh

1277
00:50:20,150 --> 00:50:18,079
those entities send every send folks out

1278
00:50:22,150 --> 00:50:20,160
and develop activities in every state in

1279
00:50:25,510 --> 00:50:22,160
the united states related to science and

1280
00:50:26,950 --> 00:50:25,520
technology and space

1281
00:50:27,910 --> 00:50:26,960
all right very good

1282
00:50:29,190 --> 00:50:27,920
um

1283
00:50:31,750 --> 00:50:29,200
i'd like to ask you guys we have another

1284
00:50:33,430 --> 00:50:31,760
question uh from donna

1285
00:50:36,150 --> 00:50:33,440
uh i'm probably going to butcher this

1286
00:50:37,349 --> 00:50:36,160
name i think it's critical

1287
00:50:39,589 --> 00:50:37,359
uh

1288
00:50:41,190 --> 00:50:39,599
she asks how can federal research labs

1289
00:50:42,790 --> 00:50:41,200
support more women in diversity in the

1290
00:50:45,589 --> 00:50:42,800
workforce we touched on this a little

1291
00:50:48,630 --> 00:50:45,599
bit earlier but um if you guys had some

1292
00:50:49,589 --> 00:50:48,640
specific recommendations in that area

1293
00:50:52,630 --> 00:50:49,599
um

1294
00:50:55,670 --> 00:50:52,640
would you like to start start uh dot

1295
00:50:57,270 --> 00:50:55,680
yes we have uh 17 national labs across

1296
00:51:00,710 --> 00:50:57,280
this country one's probably in

1297
00:51:02,309 --> 00:51:00,720
everyone's backyard or close to it um we

1298
00:51:04,790 --> 00:51:02,319
have like we mentioned earlier we have

1299
00:51:06,030 --> 00:51:04,800
the women in energy series we have a

1300
00:51:09,190 --> 00:51:06,040
almost over

1301
00:51:12,150 --> 00:51:09,200
170 women already that have signed up as

1302
00:51:14,309 --> 00:51:12,160
as mentors and sponsors as part of that

1303
00:51:15,990 --> 00:51:14,319
and you can and what it does it profiles

1304
00:51:17,589 --> 00:51:16,000
women across the country and help can

1305
00:51:19,670 --> 00:51:17,599
show girls and

1306
00:51:22,470 --> 00:51:19,680
and young kids on how to start a career

1307
00:51:25,349 --> 00:51:22,480
in spam how to find stem resources

1308
00:51:28,230 --> 00:51:25,359
these labs conduct a lot of um

1309
00:51:30,549 --> 00:51:28,240
weekend activities sometimes to promote

1310
00:51:32,230 --> 00:51:30,559
to encourage the students as well as

1311
00:51:34,549 --> 00:51:32,240
have their parents participate their

1312
00:51:36,230 --> 00:51:34,559
community-based activities

1313
00:51:38,630 --> 00:51:36,240
in oak ridge tennessee for example where

1314
00:51:40,150 --> 00:51:38,640
one of our labs are they have a stem

1315
00:51:43,030 --> 00:51:40,160
weekend and they've had it for a number

1316
00:51:45,670 --> 00:51:43,040
of years and they attract over 800 to a

1317
00:51:48,230 --> 00:51:45,680
thousand participants um throughout the

1318
00:51:50,549 --> 00:51:48,240
day so just a series of things that we

1319
00:51:52,549 --> 00:51:50,559
can get engaged with our labs

1320
00:51:54,470 --> 00:51:52,559
the labs are always open

1321
00:51:56,630 --> 00:51:54,480
you can contact those labs they set up

1322
00:51:57,990 --> 00:51:56,640
tours they can set up activities working

1323
00:51:59,349 --> 00:51:58,000
with the students like i said the

1324
00:52:01,270 --> 00:51:59,359
schools

1325
00:52:03,349 --> 00:52:01,280
are community-based activities so we

1326
00:52:04,470 --> 00:52:03,359
would love to have you

1327
00:52:06,309 --> 00:52:04,480
thank you

1328
00:52:08,390 --> 00:52:06,319
so here at berkeley lab we have a

1329
00:52:10,390 --> 00:52:08,400
workforce development and education

1330
00:52:13,349 --> 00:52:10,400
office and they run a number of great

1331
00:52:15,270 --> 00:52:13,359
summer internship programs and programs

1332
00:52:17,430 --> 00:52:15,280
during the school year

1333
00:52:18,790 --> 00:52:17,440
and i would really encourage

1334
00:52:20,950 --> 00:52:18,800
girls who are interested in doing

1335
00:52:23,349 --> 00:52:20,960
research to check out those programs and

1336
00:52:25,109 --> 00:52:23,359
really get into a lab and have a

1337
00:52:26,309 --> 00:52:25,119
hands-on experience because i think it's

1338
00:52:29,589 --> 00:52:26,319
really different

1339
00:52:32,069 --> 00:52:29,599
from maybe your your classes at school

1340
00:52:34,549 --> 00:52:32,079
it's a different experience to to work

1341
00:52:36,950 --> 00:52:34,559
in a lab so i'd encourage you to do that

1342
00:52:39,349 --> 00:52:36,960
and then you know if you can't do that

1343
00:52:41,190 --> 00:52:39,359
you can follow us on on facebook or

1344
00:52:42,870 --> 00:52:41,200
twitter and and just learn about the

1345
00:52:45,670 --> 00:52:42,880
research that we do

1346
00:52:47,589 --> 00:52:45,680
and just get involved and uh

1347
00:52:49,030 --> 00:52:47,599
and you know open up your your

1348
00:52:51,589 --> 00:52:49,040
possibilities

1349
00:52:55,589 --> 00:52:53,670
something that uh we've been focusing on

1350
00:52:57,349 --> 00:52:55,599
we have a

1351
00:52:59,589 --> 00:52:57,359
something similar to a national lab here

1352
00:53:02,630 --> 00:52:59,599
at nasa the jet propulsion laboratory

1353
00:53:03,670 --> 00:53:02,640
and then we have eight other centers as

1354
00:53:05,030 --> 00:53:03,680
well

1355
00:53:07,589 --> 00:53:05,040
and

1356
00:53:10,549 --> 00:53:07,599
we really encourage each center to reach

1357
00:53:13,589 --> 00:53:10,559
out to its local community and encourage

1358
00:53:16,230 --> 00:53:13,599
students as well as those in college and

1359
00:53:18,470 --> 00:53:16,240
postdocs to come and do all sorts of

1360
00:53:20,790 --> 00:53:18,480
research at the center we have a

1361
00:53:22,790 --> 00:53:20,800
diversity of different programs

1362
00:53:25,270 --> 00:53:22,800
something that we're trying to do even

1363
00:53:27,430 --> 00:53:25,280
more is reach out to those who might not

1364
00:53:29,109 --> 00:53:27,440
be part of that local area

1365
00:53:32,309 --> 00:53:29,119
and that's something where our social

1366
00:53:34,870 --> 00:53:32,319
media is increa is doing a great deal

1367
00:53:38,470 --> 00:53:34,880
it's amazing

1368
00:53:40,549 --> 00:53:38,480
we have a wonderful twitter program we

1369
00:53:42,790 --> 00:53:40,559
have folks all over the agency who tweet

1370
00:53:44,549 --> 00:53:42,800
all the time and then we have a special

1371
00:53:48,150 --> 00:53:44,559
program that's actually aimed at middle

1372
00:53:50,230 --> 00:53:48,160
schoolers and one is called nasa girls

1373
00:53:52,549 --> 00:53:50,240
and one is called nasa boys and these

1374
00:53:55,270 --> 00:53:52,559
are online mentoring programs

1375
00:53:58,069 --> 00:53:55,280
so we'll be sending announcements out

1376
00:54:01,270 --> 00:53:58,079
soon for the next round of that and all

1377
00:54:03,109 --> 00:54:01,280
you need is access to a computer to do

1378
00:54:06,150 --> 00:54:03,119
online mentoring through that program

1379
00:54:08,309 --> 00:54:06,160
either your library or at home

1380
00:54:10,710 --> 00:54:08,319
where you again are connected with a

1381
00:54:13,829 --> 00:54:10,720
nasa scientist or engineer

1382
00:54:16,230 --> 00:54:13,839
for different sessions where you talk as

1383
00:54:18,390 --> 00:54:16,240
well as you do a really cool fun project

1384
00:54:19,990 --> 00:54:18,400
using science and math so look out for

1385
00:54:21,829 --> 00:54:20,000
that as well

1386
00:54:23,910 --> 00:54:21,839
oh that sounds interesting

1387
00:54:25,510 --> 00:54:23,920
so uh we're getting close to the end of

1388
00:54:28,150 --> 00:54:25,520
our time here but i have a really good

1389
00:54:30,069 --> 00:54:28,160
question from carrie martin who's online

1390
00:54:32,630 --> 00:54:30,079
she says her daughter is looking at stem

1391
00:54:34,390 --> 00:54:32,640
careers what can she do to help and

1392
00:54:35,990 --> 00:54:34,400
encourage her daughter

1393
00:54:37,430 --> 00:54:36,000
um and i think some of you guys are

1394
00:54:39,109 --> 00:54:37,440
mothers here so you may have some extra

1395
00:54:41,829 --> 00:54:39,119
good advice here

1396
00:54:45,589 --> 00:54:41,839
yes i'm a mom i have a second grade girl

1397
00:54:49,430 --> 00:54:45,599
and i have a boy who's in kindergarten

1398
00:54:51,270 --> 00:54:49,440
and what i do is two different things

1399
00:54:54,230 --> 00:54:51,280
most of us talked about following your

1400
00:54:56,950 --> 00:54:54,240
passion and so a lot of it is being

1401
00:54:59,750 --> 00:54:56,960
encouraging to your children to be

1402
00:55:02,230 --> 00:54:59,760
inquisitive to be interested to see the

1403
00:55:04,549 --> 00:55:02,240
connectedness between different things

1404
00:55:07,349 --> 00:55:04,559
and i think that helps a lot

1405
00:55:09,109 --> 00:55:07,359
when my daughter is studying math i'm

1406
00:55:11,510 --> 00:55:09,119
always asking her questions about how

1407
00:55:13,589 --> 00:55:11,520
again she can use math and other areas

1408
00:55:16,470 --> 00:55:13,599
besides doing the math calculation on

1409
00:55:19,109 --> 00:55:16,480
her worksheet using math and cooking for

1410
00:55:21,030 --> 00:55:19,119
instance using math to measure the depth

1411
00:55:22,870 --> 00:55:21,040
of the snow outside since we've had a

1412
00:55:25,829 --> 00:55:22,880
big snowstorm here

1413
00:55:28,950 --> 00:55:25,839
in the d.c area so again we can see that

1414
00:55:31,349 --> 00:55:28,960
this is a fun wonderful thing same with

1415
00:55:33,510 --> 00:55:31,359
science and that it's not something

1416
00:55:34,390 --> 00:55:33,520
that's separate from what everyone else

1417
00:55:35,990 --> 00:55:34,400
does

1418
00:55:38,230 --> 00:55:36,000
i think that helps with what we're

1419
00:55:40,710 --> 00:55:38,240
talking about with this cultural stigma

1420
00:55:42,630 --> 00:55:40,720
um that somehow science and

1421
00:55:44,230 --> 00:55:42,640
math and engineering are not cool i

1422
00:55:46,069 --> 00:55:44,240
don't believe that at all they're really

1423
00:55:50,150 --> 00:55:46,079
cool and they're really fun we just have

1424
00:55:53,990 --> 00:55:52,150
uh do any of our other panel members

1425
00:55:56,309 --> 00:55:54,000
have something to add to that one

1426
00:55:57,670 --> 00:55:56,319
yeah i would like to add i know for um

1427
00:55:59,910 --> 00:55:57,680
we have um

1428
00:56:02,470 --> 00:55:59,920
you know like with with science you know

1429
00:56:04,150 --> 00:56:02,480
girls you know love nail polish and to

1430
00:56:07,190 --> 00:56:04,160
know that it could be a chemist that

1431
00:56:09,349 --> 00:56:07,200
helped to develop that polish we had

1432
00:56:11,670 --> 00:56:09,359
this one young girl in atlanta that

1433
00:56:13,750 --> 00:56:11,680
actually wanted to come up with a better

1434
00:56:15,030 --> 00:56:13,760
conditioner for her hair and and was

1435
00:56:17,109 --> 00:56:15,040
having problems with the current

1436
00:56:18,630 --> 00:56:17,119
products on the market and her mother

1437
00:56:21,270 --> 00:56:18,640
encouraged her to

1438
00:56:23,670 --> 00:56:21,280
uh develop this new product and she

1439
00:56:25,750 --> 00:56:23,680
sells it in walmart and she's she her

1440
00:56:27,670 --> 00:56:25,760
mother works for her now

1441
00:56:29,670 --> 00:56:27,680
so she has like a multi-million dollar

1442
00:56:31,829 --> 00:56:29,680
company because she was interested in

1443
00:56:33,750 --> 00:56:31,839
doing something uh applying her and she

1444
00:56:36,069 --> 00:56:33,760
was a stem student uh and she was just

1445
00:56:39,030 --> 00:56:36,079
in high school 15 years old so there are

1446
00:56:40,710 --> 00:56:39,040
lots of ways that our girls do you got

1447
00:56:43,109 --> 00:56:40,720
to make it interesting and exciting i

1448
00:56:44,789 --> 00:56:43,119
mean when it comes to if you love music

1449
00:56:47,030 --> 00:56:44,799
you know there's there's engineering and

1450
00:56:49,750 --> 00:56:47,040
science behind music if you love the

1451
00:56:51,910 --> 00:56:49,760
dance you know the routines that the

1452
00:56:54,150 --> 00:56:51,920
dancers use that the technology so

1453
00:56:56,230 --> 00:56:54,160
technology and science is in everything

1454
00:56:58,390 --> 00:56:56,240
you love the iphones all it's just so

1455
00:57:00,150 --> 00:56:58,400
much that we just want to make our kids

1456
00:57:01,430 --> 00:57:00,160
more aware of the day-to-day things that

1457
00:57:03,910 --> 00:57:01,440
they love

1458
00:57:06,309 --> 00:57:03,920
uh involves science it's it's not some

1459
00:57:07,670 --> 00:57:06,319
foreign thing and and i always say like

1460
00:57:09,829 --> 00:57:07,680
at the department of energy three of the

1461
00:57:11,670 --> 00:57:09,839
world's largest super computers are at

1462
00:57:13,910 --> 00:57:11,680
the department of energy for example the

1463
00:57:14,870 --> 00:57:13,920
world's largest laser at one of these

1464
00:57:17,670 --> 00:57:14,880
labs

1465
00:57:19,990 --> 00:57:17,680
and so cool i know the star trek if you

1466
00:57:22,150 --> 00:57:20,000
guys saw the last star trek movie it was

1467
00:57:24,549 --> 00:57:22,160
filmed big portions of one of our labs

1468
00:57:26,789 --> 00:57:24,559
in california so just some really cool

1469
00:57:28,630 --> 00:57:26,799
things and my last note

1470
00:57:31,349 --> 00:57:28,640
if you look at the periodic table

1471
00:57:33,910 --> 00:57:31,359
element 116 livermorium was was

1472
00:57:36,390 --> 00:57:33,920
developed at one of our labs 16 and so

1473
00:57:38,309 --> 00:57:36,400
if you imagine it's the periodic table

1474
00:57:40,470 --> 00:57:38,319
you look at that your students every day

1475
00:57:42,150 --> 00:57:40,480
that stuff's being developed in places

1476
00:57:44,069 --> 00:57:42,160
like nassar our department of energy

1477
00:57:46,630 --> 00:57:44,079
that we we touch this stuff and

1478
00:57:48,630 --> 00:57:46,640
something kids can just relate to so you

1479
00:57:50,870 --> 00:57:48,640
want to make it relatable and and part

1480
00:57:56,069 --> 00:57:50,880
of their everyday life and they will get

1481
00:58:00,069 --> 00:57:57,109
very good

1482
00:58:01,990 --> 00:58:00,079
uh jill or shannon

1483
00:58:03,589 --> 00:58:02,000
um well i don't have any kids myself but

1484
00:58:05,109 --> 00:58:03,599
i do have lots of nieces and nephews and

1485
00:58:06,470 --> 00:58:05,119
i think one of the most important things

1486
00:58:09,030 --> 00:58:06,480
is one that has already been mentioned

1487
00:58:10,950 --> 00:58:09,040
you have to encourage your child uh in

1488
00:58:12,870 --> 00:58:10,960
this case a girl

1489
00:58:14,309 --> 00:58:12,880
don't don't stifle the questions you

1490
00:58:15,990 --> 00:58:14,319
know go out and encourage them to be

1491
00:58:17,990 --> 00:58:16,000
inquisitive and then the other thing

1492
00:58:20,150 --> 00:58:18,000
that i think is important to do

1493
00:58:21,829 --> 00:58:20,160
is provide opportunities to see a

1494
00:58:23,349 --> 00:58:21,839
variety of experiences because you

1495
00:58:26,230 --> 00:58:23,359
really never know what might spark

1496
00:58:27,990 --> 00:58:26,240
somebody's interest and so if you go do

1497
00:58:30,069 --> 00:58:28,000
a lot of different things and see a lot

1498
00:58:32,069 --> 00:58:30,079
of different things that will help

1499
00:58:33,109 --> 00:58:32,079
develop the interest in whatever field

1500
00:58:37,430 --> 00:58:33,119
she might be

1501
00:58:41,750 --> 00:58:39,589
and i'll just say that uh

1502
00:58:44,789 --> 00:58:41,760
you know i think i have a kindergarten

1503
00:58:47,430 --> 00:58:44,799
girl and um i just you know what

1504
00:58:49,349 --> 00:58:47,440
everyone said so far has been very

1505
00:58:51,589 --> 00:58:49,359
true for me i have a

1506
00:58:54,230 --> 00:58:51,599
the opposite problem in that i try not

1507
00:58:56,069 --> 00:58:54,240
to push science too much for fear of

1508
00:58:58,309 --> 00:58:56,079
turning my daughter

1509
00:59:00,470 --> 00:58:58,319
off of it because that's what i do

1510
00:59:03,270 --> 00:59:00,480
but um i do try to make sure that she

1511
00:59:04,950 --> 00:59:03,280
understands um you know that math and

1512
00:59:06,390 --> 00:59:04,960
science are everywhere in life and we

1513
00:59:08,150 --> 00:59:06,400
try to just see

1514
00:59:10,309 --> 00:59:08,160
um you know pointing out things and

1515
00:59:13,030 --> 00:59:10,319
being observing different things and we

1516
00:59:15,190 --> 00:59:13,040
talk about what what her guesses are

1517
00:59:17,430 --> 00:59:15,200
sometimes i say what's your your guess

1518
00:59:20,069 --> 00:59:17,440
or your hypothesis about how that works

1519
00:59:22,150 --> 00:59:20,079
and we just work through those

1520
00:59:26,069 --> 00:59:22,160
how to work through questions that you

1521
00:59:29,109 --> 00:59:27,349
very good

1522
00:59:30,789 --> 00:59:29,119
um

1523
00:59:33,270 --> 00:59:30,799
okay i have another question here it

1524
00:59:35,589 --> 00:59:33,280
says uh what factors most contributed to

1525
00:59:36,950 --> 00:59:35,599
your current success

1526
00:59:38,069 --> 00:59:36,960
um

1527
00:59:39,270 --> 00:59:38,079
shannon would you like to start with

1528
00:59:41,349 --> 00:59:39,280
that one

1529
00:59:44,309 --> 00:59:41,359
i would say persistence is probably the

1530
00:59:47,910 --> 00:59:44,319
one that got me the farthest um being an

1531
00:59:48,789 --> 00:59:47,920
astronaut is a is a very competitive job

1532
00:59:50,710 --> 00:59:48,799
and

1533
00:59:53,670 --> 00:59:50,720
not just within the job to be to be able

1534
00:59:56,549 --> 00:59:53,680
to become an astronaut and so it took me

1535
00:59:57,910 --> 00:59:56,559
um many many years applying many many

1536
00:59:59,829 --> 00:59:57,920
times to

1537
01:00:01,270 --> 00:59:59,839
finally be accepted into this position

1538
01:00:03,270 --> 01:00:01,280
and so it was my persistence and it was

1539
01:00:05,430 --> 01:00:03,280
my persistence getting through school

1540
01:00:07,030 --> 01:00:05,440
physics is not an easy subject and you

1541
01:00:09,270 --> 01:00:07,040
know biology and chemistry those are not

1542
01:00:11,270 --> 01:00:09,280
easy subjects but if you're persistent

1543
01:00:12,950 --> 01:00:11,280
you can get through them and and then

1544
01:00:14,390 --> 01:00:12,960
when you're at the end and you're

1545
01:00:15,670 --> 01:00:14,400
graduating you realize how much

1546
01:00:18,150 --> 01:00:15,680
knowledge and understanding you have

1547
01:00:19,589 --> 01:00:18,160
it's very satisfying so being persistent

1548
01:00:21,750 --> 01:00:19,599
in what you're doing will get you very

1549
01:00:26,470 --> 01:00:21,760
far in life

1550
01:00:30,150 --> 01:00:28,390
so i was just going to say you know

1551
01:00:32,870 --> 01:00:30,160
stubbornness i i

1552
01:00:35,510 --> 01:00:32,880
so i would echo shannon's comment um

1553
01:00:37,109 --> 01:00:35,520
about persistence it does really help um

1554
01:00:39,270 --> 01:00:37,119
the other thing is that i just really

1555
01:00:41,910 --> 01:00:39,280
like figuring out a puzzle you know it

1556
01:00:43,750 --> 01:00:41,920
helps me troubleshoot experiments

1557
01:00:45,910 --> 01:00:43,760
work through problems

1558
01:00:47,190 --> 01:00:45,920
i like i'm very curious i like asking

1559
01:00:49,109 --> 01:00:47,200
questions

1560
01:00:51,270 --> 01:00:49,119
i want to see how things work i think

1561
01:00:53,270 --> 01:00:51,280
that's why i got into molecular biology

1562
01:00:54,829 --> 01:00:53,280
because if you keep asking why you

1563
01:00:57,190 --> 01:00:54,839
eventually get down to

1564
01:00:59,349 --> 01:00:57,200
molecules um and so

1565
01:01:02,309 --> 01:00:59,359
yeah that i think

1566
01:01:03,030 --> 01:01:02,319
that that's been the main uh driver for

1567
01:01:06,470 --> 01:01:03,040
me

1568
01:01:07,670 --> 01:01:06,480
stubbornness and curiosity

1569
01:01:09,109 --> 01:01:07,680
very good

1570
01:01:11,990 --> 01:01:09,119
dot

1571
01:01:14,230 --> 01:01:12,000
oh just living by the the failure is not

1572
01:01:16,069 --> 01:01:14,240
an option i mean i when someone tells me

1573
01:01:18,470 --> 01:01:16,079
i couldn't do something or when i failed

1574
01:01:20,069 --> 01:01:18,480
that first math class in college and the

1575
01:01:21,510 --> 01:01:20,079
professor told me to go over to the

1576
01:01:23,510 --> 01:01:21,520
social sciences

1577
01:01:25,589 --> 01:01:23,520
science classes and forget about

1578
01:01:27,589 --> 01:01:25,599
engineering it was that you know

1579
01:01:29,910 --> 01:01:27,599
just not accepting failure and knowing

1580
01:01:34,069 --> 01:01:29,920
that you can be the best of what you are

1581
01:01:36,549 --> 01:01:34,079
and and us girls we make it happen

1582
01:01:40,549 --> 01:01:36,559
all right very good and rebecca well for

1583
01:01:41,990 --> 01:01:40,559
me it's creativity and not being afraid

1584
01:01:43,750 --> 01:01:42,000
to ask

1585
01:01:46,150 --> 01:01:43,760
so um

1586
01:01:47,030 --> 01:01:46,160
almost every job i've had here at nasa

1587
01:01:50,870 --> 01:01:47,040
i've

1588
01:01:52,870 --> 01:01:50,880
created myself and i saw a need and i

1589
01:01:55,990 --> 01:01:52,880
said well i could do that

1590
01:01:57,190 --> 01:01:56,000
and i proposed it up to my champions

1591
01:01:59,190 --> 01:01:57,200
so

1592
01:02:02,069 --> 01:01:59,200
often as women

1593
01:02:04,390 --> 01:02:02,079
we're trained and socialized not to ask

1594
01:02:07,829 --> 01:02:04,400
for what we want and not to convey what

1595
01:02:09,750 --> 01:02:07,839
we think we're good at and we need to

1596
01:02:11,670 --> 01:02:09,760
learn how to do that we have to do it

1597
01:02:14,150 --> 01:02:11,680
diplomatically of course like anyone

1598
01:02:16,630 --> 01:02:14,160
else but don't be afraid to ask and

1599
01:02:18,230 --> 01:02:16,640
don't be afraid to be proud and convey

1600
01:02:20,390 --> 01:02:18,240
what you know are your strengths and

1601
01:02:21,430 --> 01:02:20,400
what you're good at doing

1602
01:02:23,589 --> 01:02:21,440
thank you

1603
01:02:26,150 --> 01:02:23,599
well uh that's all about all the time we

1604
01:02:29,109 --> 01:02:26,160
have for today i'd like to thank our

1605
01:02:32,230 --> 01:02:29,119
panelists dr jill foose dr dot harris dr

1606
01:02:34,470 --> 01:02:32,240
rebecca kaiser and dr shannon walker

1607
01:02:36,150 --> 01:02:34,480
and for you folks online if you have

1608
01:02:38,069 --> 01:02:36,160
interest in more of the information like

1609
01:02:40,150 --> 01:02:38,079
this please check out our websites at

1610
01:02:42,630 --> 01:02:40,160
women at energy and women at nasa if you